People v. Washington

Nov 17, 2006
Versions:34 A.D.3d 1193
823 N.Y.S.2d 805

It is hereby ordered that the judgment so appealed from be and the same hereby is unanimously affirmed.

Memorandum: Defendant appeals from a judgment convicting him following a jury trial of murder in the second degree (Penal Law § 125.25 [1]) and criminal possession of a weapon in the second degree (§ 265.03 [2]). Supreme Court properly admitted into evidence the sworn statement of a witness who refused to testify at trial. The People established by clear and convincing evidence at the Sirois hearing (see Matter of Holtzman v Hellenbrand, 92 AD2d 405 [1983]) that misconduct by defendant or others acting at his behest caused that witness to be unavailable to testify at defendant‘s trial (see People v Chandler, 30 AD3d 161 [2006]; see generally People v Geraci, 85 NY2d 359 [1995]). The court properly exercised its discretion in precluding defendant from introducing reputation testimony and collateral evidence purportedly bearing on the credibility of that witness (see generally People v Bosier, 6 NY3d 523, 528 [2006]; Chandler, 30 AD3d at 162). The court also properly refused to permit defendant to introduce into evidence the hearsay testimony of a police detective regarding descriptions of the shooter provided by two witnesses who did not testify (see generally People v Huertas, 75 NY2d 487, 492 [1990]). Further, assuming that those descriptions constituted Brady material, we conclude that defendant had a meaningful opportunity to use that material and was thus not denied a fair trial by the timing of its delivery (see People v Cortijo, 70 NY2d 868, 870 [1987]; People v Concepcion, 262 AD2d 1058 [1999], lv denied 94 NY2d 821 [1999]). Defendant failed to preserve for our review his contention that the evidence is legally insufficient to support the conviction (see People v Gray, 86 NY2d 10, 19 [1995]), and the verdict is not against the weight of the evidence (see generally People v Bleakley, 69 NY2d 490, 495 [1987]). The court properly rejected defendant‘s Batson challenge to the prosecutor‘s use of a peremptory challenge with respect to an African-American prospective juror. “‘The court was in the best position to observe the demeanor of the prospective juror[ ] and the prosecutor,’ and its determination that the prosecutor‘s explanation was race-neutral and not pretextual is entitled to great deference” (People v Lawrence, 23 AD3d 1039, 1039 [2005], lv denied 6 NY3d 835 [2006], quoting People v Williams, 13 AD3d 1214, 1215 [2004], lv denied 4 NY3d 857 [2005]). Finally, the sentence is not unduly harsh or severe.