Defendant pled guilty of two counts of second-degree criminal sexual conduct, MCL 750.520c(l)(b)(i); MSA 28.788(3)(l)(b)(i). The trial court sentenced defendant to concurrent prison terms of five to fifteen years and ordered him to pay restitution to the victim in the amount of $3,000. Defendant appeals as of right, contending that the trial court abused its discretion in imposing sentence and оrdering restitution. We reverse and remand to the trial court for resentencing and a determination concerning the propriety of the amount of restitution.
Defendant claims thаt the trial court abused its discretion by imposing five-to-fifteen-year prison terms because it improperly made an independent finding that defendant was guilty of the higher offense of first-dеgree criminal sexual conduct, MCL 750.520b; MSA 28.788(2), with which he was originally charged. We note that the sentences imposed by the trial court are within the range recommended by the sentencing guidelines for second-degree criminal sexual conduct and, therefore, are presumably valid.
People v Milbourn,
A trial court may not make an independent finding of a defendant’s guilt on another charge
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and use it as a basis for justifying a sentence.
People v Grimmett,
Under the Guidelines for criminal sexual conduct in the second degree the minimum term should be at least two years and could be as much as five years. Of course, the maximum term being set by statute at 15 years. There was evidence apparently sufficient to bind the case over on criminal sexual conduct in the first degree becаuse of penetration of the child’s vagina with your finger or of her mouth with your penis, or perhaps her vagina with your tongue. If you had been convicted of criminal sexual conduсt in the first degree the Guidelines would have required a minimum term of at least eight years and could be as much as 20 years with the possibility of life in prison being also available since that is what criminal sexual conduct in the first degree provides as a maximum.
Accordingly, on the sentencing information report, the court scored fifty points on offense variable 12 for multiрle penetrations. This raised the recommended minimum sentence range under the guidelines from zero to thirty-six months to twenty-four to sixty months. Had there been record support for the court’s finding that multiple penetrations had occurred, we would be reluctant to interfere with its exercise of its discretion to score the sentencing information report. See
People v McCracken,
172
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Mich App 94, 105;
Contrary to the sentencing court’s assumption, there was not sufficient evidence on the record tо support a binding over on the charge of first-degree criminal sexual conduct because defendant waived preliminary examination. Furthermore, defendant made no аdmissions concerning penetration when his guilty plea of second-degree criminal sexual conduct was taken. In fact, at his original sentencing, which was adjourned at defendаnt’s request, defense counsel objected to the accuracy of statements in the presentence report concerning penetration. The sentencing court never addressed or resolved these claims. See MCR 6.425(D)(3);
People v Hoyt,
Defendant also contends that the trial court abused its discretion by ordering him to pay an arbitrary amount of $3,000 in restitution to the *88 victim without attempting to ascertain the actual amount of the victim’s damages. We agree.
MCL 780.766(2); MSA 28.1287(766)(2) gives a sentencing court discretion, in addition to or in lieu of any other penalty authorized or required by law, to order a defendant to make restitution to any victim of the defendant’s conduct giving rise to the conviction. A "victim” is an individual who suffers direct or threatened physical, financial, or emotional harm as the result of a crime. MCL 780.766(1); MSA 28.1287(766X1). MCL 780.766(5); MSA 28.1287(766)(5) provides:
If a crime results in physical or psychological injury to a victim, the order of restitution may require that the dеfendant do 1 or more of the following, as applicable:
(a) Pay an amount equal to the cost of actual medical and related professional services and devices relating to physical and psychological care.
(b) Pay an amount equal to the cost of actual physical and occupational therapy аnd rehabilitation.
(c) Reimburse the victim or the victim’s estate for after-tax income loss suffered by the victim as a result of the offense.
(d) Pay an amount equal to the cost of psyсhological and medical treatment for members of the victim’s family which has been incurred as a result of the offense.
Additionally, MCL 780.767; MSA 28.1287(767) sets forth the procedure by which the court determines the appropriate amount of restitution:
(1) The court, in determining whether to order restitution under section 16 and the amount of that restitution, shall consider the amount of the loss sustained by any victim as a result of the offense, the financial resources and earning ability *89 of the defendant, the financial needs of the defendant and the defendant’s dependents, and such other factors as the court considers appropriate.
(2) The court may order the probation officer to obtain information pertaining to the factors set forth in subsection (1). The probation officer shall include the information collected in the presentence investigation report or in a separate rеport, as the court directs.
(3) The court shall disclose to both the defendant and the prosecuting attorney all portions of the presentence' or other repоrt pertaining to the matters described in subsection (1).
(4) Any dispute as to the proper amount or type of restitution shall be resolved by the court by a preponderance оf the evidence. The burden of demonstrating the earning ability of the defendant and the amount of the loss sustained by a victim as a result of the offense shall be on the prosecuting attorney. The burden of demonstrating the financial resources of the defendant and the financial needs of the defendant and the defendant’s dependents shall be on the defendant. The burden of demonstrating such other matters as the court deems appropriate shall be upon the party designated by the court as justice requires.
In the present case, the trial court failed to follow the statutory procedure for determining the amount of restitution to which the victim was entitled. In fact, the trial court appeared tо be unaware of its discretion and authority to award restitution. As previously noted, the presentence report was not included in the record, so we have no means of dеtermining whether any information concerning restitution was available to the court. Restitution awarded by a sentencing court is not a substitute for civil damages, but encompasses only those losses which are easily ascertained and measured and are a direct result of a defendant’s criminal acts. See
People v Heil,
On the basis of the foregoing, we need not consider defendant’s remaining issue.
Reversed and remanded for resentencing. We do not retain jurisdiction.