The prosecution appeals by leave granted an opinion and order of the Kalamazoo Circuit Court affirming an earlier decision of the 8th District Court that held that defendant’s 1989 plеa of guilty to operating a motor vehicle while having an unlawful blood alcohol level (ubal), MCL 257.625; MSA 9.2325, had not met the requirements of MCR 6.201(E)(2), now MCR 6.610(E)(2) 1 , and, therefore, could not be used as a basis for defendant’s present charge of operating a motor vehicle while under the influence of intoxicating liquor and/or ubal, third offense (oun/UBAL-3rd), MCL 257.625; MSA 9.2325. 2 We reverse and remand the case to the district сourt for reconsideration of the motion to bind over in light of our decision in this case.
In the present case, defendant was charged with oun/UBAL-3rd. At the preliminary examination, the prosecutor introduced evidence establishing that defendant had two prior convictions under MCL *189 257.625; MSA 9.2325 that formed the basis for defendant’s current 0UH/UBAL-3rd charge. However, defendant claimed that one of the convictions, a 1989 UBAL conviction, could not be used for enhancement purposes because he was not represented by counsel at the time he pleaded guilty to that offense and had not been properly advised of his right to representation.
In this regard, the facts are largely undisputed. At the initial arraignment on the original charge of OUIL in 1989, defendant was advised оf his right to counsel and of his right to counsel at public expense if he could not afford to retain counsel. At the plea-taking proceeding, however, defendant was advised only of his right to counsel, and not specifically his right to appointed counsel at public expense if he was indigent. Defendant pleaded guilty to ubal and received a conditional sentence, a $500 fine or, in lieu of paying such fine, sixty days in jail, together with a $45 assessment fee, a $20 victim fee, and a suspended license for 182 days. Indications are that defendant paid the fine and did not spend any time in jail. 3
The lower courts, in upholding defendant’s position, relied on MCR 6.610(E)(2), which provides:
(2) The court shall inform the defendant of the right to the assistance of an attorney. If
(a) the offensе charged is punishable by over 92 days in jail,
(b) the offense charged requires a minimum jail sentence, or
(c) the court makes a determination that it may send the defendant to jail,
*190 the court shall infоrm the defendant that if the defendant is indigent he or she has the right to an appointed attorney.
A subsequent charge or sentence may not be enhanced because of this conviction unless a defendant is represented by an attorney or he or she waives the right to an appointed attorney. [Emphasis added.]
Although this rule represented a summary of existing case law at the time it was promulgated, subsequent developments have undercut the basis for the rule, and the question presented is whether the rule justifies the lower courts’ actions in this case. We hold that it does not. When the court rule at issue was promulgated, it reflected the Michigan judiciary’s understanding of the combined cases of
Argersinger v Hamlin,
In
Argersinger,
the United States Supreme Court held that no person could be imprisoned for any misdemeanor or felony offense unless he was represented by counsel at trial or knowingly and intelligently waived counsel. In
Scott,
the Court held that the Sixth and Fourteenth Amendments of the United States Constitution require only that no indigent person be sentenced to a term of imprisonment without being afforded the right to assistance of appointed counsel.
Scott
further held that, in the absence оf a prospect of incarceration,
Argersinger
did not guarantee a right to appointed counsel in a misdemeanor prosecution. Finally, in
Baldasar,
in which no line of reasoning was adopted by a majority of the Court, the Supreme Court precluded the use of a conviction for enhancement purposes unless the defendant had been
*191
advised of and waived his right to the appointment of counsel at public expense. See
People v Olah,
Thereafter, the United States Supreme Court overruled
Baldasar
and held that a conviction valid under
Scott,
i.e., without the benefit of counsel and lacking any advice concerning the right to appointed counsel at public expense if the defendant was indigent but which did not result in a term of imprisonment, could be used for enhаncement purposes with respect to a subsequent offense.
Nichols v United States,
This Court then applied
Nichols
in
People v Richert (After Remand),
*192
Similarly, in
People v Justice,
Here, defendant contends that notwithstanding
Justice
and
Richert,
which we recognize fail to cite оr discuss MCR 6.610(E)(2), the court rule controls. We disagree. Our Supreme Court has the constitutional authority only to promulgate rules of practice and procedure. Const 1963, art 6, § 5. It does not have the authority to promulgate rules that infringe on the power of the executive branch to enforce the criminal law or the power of the legislative branch to define the criminal lаw, including the penalties for various offenses. Const 1963, art 3, § 2; see
Genesee Prosecutor v Genesee Circuit Judge,
Here, the court rule is invalid because it no longer relates to any practice or procedure supported by case law. Instead, the rule serves to еstablish a right to counsel that is neither constitutionally compelled nor legislatively supported. Because the only right to *193 counsel recognized in Michigan is that provided by the constitution of either Michigan or the United States and defendant had no right to appointed counsel under either constitution at the time of his UBAL conviction for which incarceration was not imposеd, Richert and Justice control and the court rule has no valid application or authority in this instance.
Although we recognize that our action here is unique, precedent exists for a decision of this kind. Previously, this Court has found a court rule promulgated by our Supreme Court invalid after a change in the law undercut the justification for the rule. In
Waterford School Dist v State Bd of Ed,
In sum, although defendant’s offense of ubal was рunishable by up to ninety days of incarceration, defendant did not actually serve a jail sentence and, therefore, was not entitled to the appointment of counsel at public expense under the state or federal constitution. Thus, defendant’s conviction is valid. Under Nichols and Richert, supra, the conviction properly may be used for enhancement purposes, regardless of the existence of the conflicting court rule. Where, as here, in light of legal changes, a rule that when promulgated was one of practice or procedure instead becomes one of substance and conflicts with federal and state law, we believe the court rule *194 must be regarded as having been superseded. Further, we urge that MCR 6.610(E)(2) be reexamined in light of the cases discussed above and our decision here.
We reverse and remand the case to the district court for reconsideration of the motion to bind over in light of our decision in this case. We do not retain jurisdiction.
Notes
In 1989, the provisions formerly found in MCR 6.201, including the language at issue in this case, were moved to MCR 6.610. Because the language of the former rule was identical at that time to thаt of present MCR 6.610, this opinion will refer exclusively to the latter citation.
Because we were unable to locate a copy of the complaint in the lower court record, we are relying on defendant’s recitation of the charge against him contained in his brief on appeal.
Defendant does, however, through an affidavit, claim that he was indigent at that time. The prosecution disputes this assertion.