Following a jury trial, defendant was convicted of felonious assault, MCL 750.82; MSA 28.277, and possession of a firearm during the commission of a felony, MCL 750.227b; MSA 28.424(2). After a subsequent bench trial, defendant was found guilty of being a fourth-offense habitual offender, MCL 769.12; MSA 28.1084. Defendant was sentenced to consecutive prison terms of two years for the felony-firearm conviction, and ten to fifteen years for the habitual offender conviction. Defendant appeals his sentences as of right. We affirm.
Defendant first argues that his ten- to fifteen-year sentence for being an habitual offender violates the principle of proportionality articulated in
People v Milbourn,
The principle of proportionality demands that sentences be proportionate to the seriousness of the circumstances surrounding the offense and the offender.
Milbourn, supra
at 636. Although the sentencing guidelines are inapplicable to habitual offender sentencing, the guidelines for the underlying offense are a useful reference point for fashioning proportionate habitual offender sentences.
People v Malkowski,
We believe that defendant’s sentence of ten to fifteen years’ imprisonment for the habitual offender conviction is proportionate to the seriousness of the circumstances surrounding the offense and the offender. First, the evidence indicates that defendant argued with and choked the victim. After the victim fled from him, defendant chased her and then shot her three times at close range. Defendant sought aid for the victim following the shooting, but only after returning the rifle. Further, he asked the victim not to report him to the authorities. Second, defendant has an extensive criminal history, including four previous felonies and five misdemeanors. Some of these offenses involved assault crimes. The sentencing guidelines for the felonious assault conviction provided a range of twenty-four to thirty-two months, but the trial court properly considered the circumstances of the crime, defendant’s extensive criminal history, and his potential for rehabilitation. Thus, the trial court did not abuse its discretion in sentencing defendant to ten to fifteen years’ imprisonment.
Next, defendant claims the trial court erred in using his two prior convictions of larceny in a building to convict him of being an habitual offender because both crimes are now misdemeanors under the contemporary statutes. Defendant preserved this issue by raising it at the bench trial. The trial court held that the prior criminal acts could be used to find him guilty of being an habitual offender because the acts constituted a felony at the time they were committed.
Defendant was previously convicted in 1977 and 1987 of larceny in a building, MCL 750.360; MSA *542 28.592. The information from the 1977 offense charged defendant with having shoplifted two 12-packs of beer from a grocery store. The record before us does not indicate the factual basis for defendant’s 1987 conviction. However, we assume as true defendant’s contention that his 1987 conviction also was for shoplifting items valued at less than one hundred dollars.
Before 1988, a person arrested for shoplifting items valued at less than one hundred dollars in a building could be charged at the discretion of the prosecutor with either the felony of larceny in a building or the misdemeanor of simple larceny, MCL 750.356; MSA 28.588.
People v McCracken,
Whether prior convictions for felonies that have since been made a misdemeanor may be used to enhance an habitual offender charge is an issue of first impression in this state. The habitual offender statute for fourth offenders provides in pertinent part:
(1) If a person has been convicted of 3 or more felonies, attempts to commit felonies, or both, whether the convictions occurred in this state or would have been for felonies in this state if the convictions obtained outside this state had been *543 obtained in this state, and that person commits a subsequent felony within this state, the person shall be punished upon conviction as follows .... [MCL 769.12; MSA 28.1084.]
Our Supreme Court in
In re Jerry,
The courts of other jurisdictions have held consistently that reducing an offense from a felony to a misdemeanor does not preclude using the prior felony conviction to enhance an habitual offender charge. See, e.g.,
Wells v State,
Affirmed.