70 N.Y.S. 108 | N.Y. App. Div. | 1901
It is not pretended that defendant was personally present or took any part in the actual destruction of the bank of the canal feeder. It is claimed by the People, that he planned the commission of the deed and instigated others to execute it for a financial consideration toward which he was to contribute' twenty-five dollars. In weighing the conflicting evidence and theories presented by the respective parties the minds of the jurors in such a case would naturally be rhaterially influenced if not controlled by the existence or absence of a motive on the part of the defendant. The delivery of this concededly unusual and extraordinary quantity of beer to defendant, who was conducting a hotel in a sparsely settled-community, shortly before the commission of the crime and during the time its commission was being planned and negotiated, was most damaging evidence against defendant, and unexplained would render the contention of the People quite probable. (People v. Mc Whorter, 4 Barb. 438, 440; Cow. & H. Notes, Phillips. Ev. pt. 1 [3d ed.], 473, note 288.)
The People contended that defendant purchased the beer in contemplation of the commission of this crime and to be prepared to reap the profits for the realization of which he became a party to this conspiracy. Defendant, on the other hand, contended that the purchase was entirely innocent. His explanatory evidence was not improbable. The joint resolution for the recognition of the independence of. Cuba was. passed on the 20th of April, 1898, and the act of Congress declaring war 'against Spain was passed on the
It cannot be said as a matter of law that these erroneous rulings of the court in excluding competent evidence did not materially prejudice defendant. Had the evidence thus erroneously excluded been received we cannot say that the verdict would have been the same.
We'are, therefore, constrained on account of the exceptions to the exclusion of this testimony to reverse the judgment and grant a new trial.
The judgment and conviction should be reversed and a new trial ordered.
All concurred.
Judgment and conviction reversed, and new trial ordered.