110 Mich. 97 | Mich. | 1896
The defendant was convicted upon a charge of fraudulently obtaining the signature of the complainant to a promissory note, contrary to the provisions of section 9353, 2 How. Stat., which is as follows:
u The People of the State of Michigan enact, That any person or persons who shall, by representing that he is-the agent of any person, company, firm, or corporation, or by any other means, fraudulently obtain the signature of any person or persons, with the intent to cheat and defraud such person or persons, to any promissory note, bill of exchange, duebill, order, contract, or any paper writing whatever, shall be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor, and, on conviction thereof, shall be imprisoned in the state prison not exceeding ten years, or in the county jail not more than one year, or by a fine not exceeding one thousand dollars, or both, in the discretion of the court.”
This section became a law August 30, 1879, having been approved May 27th. Four days earlier an amendment was made to section 39 of chapter 154 of the Revised Statutes of 1846, as amended by Act No. 164 of the Laws of 1867, which last amendment also took effect August 30, 1879. As amended in 1867, this statute was as follows:
“Every person who, with intent to defraud or cheat another, shall designedly, by color of any false token or writing, or by any other false pretense, cause any person to grant, convey, assign, demise, lease, or mortgage any land or interest in land, or obtain the signature of any person to any written instrument the making whereof would be punishable as forgery, or obtain from any person any money, personal property, or valuable thing, shall be punished by imprisonment in the state -prison not more than ten years, or by fine not exceeding five hundred dollars and imprisonment in the county jail not more than one year,”
“ Or, by means of any false weights or measures, obtain a larger amount or quantity of property than was bargained for, or, by means of any false weights or measures, sell or dispose of a less amount or quantity of property than was bargained for, shall be punished by imprisonment,” etc.
■These two sections, 9161 and 9353, were passed at the same session, and have stood upon the statute book since, without change until 1895, when the following change was made in the penalty of section 9161, viz.:
“If such land or interest in land, money, personal property, valuable thing, larger amount obtained, or less amount disposed of, shall be of the value of twenty-five dollars or less, shall be punished by a fine not exceeding one hundred dollars or imprisonment in the county jail not exceeding three months; and if such land or interest in land, money, personal property, valuable thing, larger amount obtained, or less amount disposed of, shall be of the value of more than twenty-five dollars, such person shall be punished by imprisonment in the state prison not more than ten years, or by fine not exceeding five hundred dollars and imprisonment in the county jail not more than one year.” Act No. 234; Pub. Acts 1895.
This act was approved May 31, 1895.
The offense of which the, defendant stands convicted is alleged to have been committed in January, 1895, and therefore was previous to the amendment. Section 9213, 2 How. Stat., provides that the false making of a promissory note shall be forgery. It is urged upon behalf of the respondent that sections 9161 and 9353 cover the same ground, and that the amendment of 1895 repealed both sections, and, as it contained no saving clause,'the charge against the defendant cannot be prosecuted.
The amended statute (section 9161) was passed four days earlier than section 9353. Section 9353 is broader and more comprehensive than section 9161 as to writings, in that,
Counsel contend that the information filed in the case was insufficient, for the reason that it does not allege that the defendant obtained the note in question; in other words, it does not state that it was delivered to him, but only that he obtained the complainant’s signature thereto. It is said that obtaining the property is essential to the offense commonly known- as “false pretense,” and we are cited to the case of State v. McGinnis, 71 Iowa, 685, in support of the doctrine. The Iowa statute (Code, § 4073) provided that-—
*101 “ If any person, * * * by false pretense, * * * with intent to defraud, obtain from another money, goods, or other property, or so obtain the signature of any person to any written instrument the false making of which would be punishable as forgery, he shall be punished,” etc.
The prosecuting officer contended there, as here, that the offense was complete when the signature was obtained; but the court said that—
“It will be observed that the statute provides, ‘or so obtain the signature of any person.’ This refers to what precedes such sentence, and that is in relation to obtaining property. If delivery or possession in one case is essential, it would seem to follow that it must be in the other. ‘To obtain’ means ‘to get hold of, to get possession of, to acquire.’ Now, the statute provides that the signature must be ‘ so obtained ’ — that is, it must be acquired or come into the possession of some person— by means of the false pretense, to the same extent as is necessary in order to constitute the offense when money or property is obtained.”
If, as stated in the case last cited, “to obtain” means “to get hold of, to get possession of, to acquire,” we see no necessity for an allegation of delivery of the note after-.the information has already stated that the offender has obtained {%. e., got possession of or acquired) the signature to the note. The lawmakers evidently supposed the language used sufficient to imply possession acquired, and we think it sufficient to so allege it in the information.
In this connection we may discuss a further point upon the information, viz., whether it sufficiently connects the alleged fraudulent representations with the signature of the note. At this point it becomes necessary to detail some of the facts. The defendant is alleged to have called upon the complainant, claiming to be the physician and examiner of the Indianapolis Medical & Surgical Institute, ■— a concern which prescribed and furnished medicine for invalids at their homes, — and made a pre
The points discussed involve the more important legal questions presented by the case. We are, however, asked to pass upon innumerable assignments of error, and, in justice to the defendant, have felt constrained to examine them. Such examination reveals nothing
The conviction is affirmed.