Defendant, Hernandez and Associates, Inc., appeals the trial court’s summary judgment ordering forfeiture of defendant’s automobile as a Class I public nuisance, pursuant to § 16-13-301, et seq., C.R.S. (1986 Repl.Vol. 8A). We reverse.
The automobile, a 1975 Rolls Royce Silver Shadow, was seized by Denver police during an investigation into the alleged distribution and sale of a controlled substance (cocaine) by Jesus John Hernandez, a shareholder in Hernandez and Associates, Inc., in whose corporate name title to the Rolls Royce was held. The Denver District Attorney initiated forfeiture proceedings, seeking to have the Rolls Royce declared a Class I public nuisance under § 16-13-303(l)(c), C.R.S. (1986 Repl.Vol. 8A). The original complaint contained an affidavit by the police detective who conducted the investigation, alleging that the Rolls Royce was used in two instances to distribute cocaine. This affidavit was submitted in support of the People’s motion for summary judgment.
Defendant asserts that genuine issues of material fact exist for resolution and that, therefore, the trial court erred in granting summary judgment to plaintiff. We agree.
Summary judgment is a drastic remedy, and is never warranted except on a clear showing that there is no genuine issue as to any material fact.
Primock v. Hamilton,
C.R.C.P. 56(e) requires that affidavits in support of a motion for summary judgment “shall be made on personal knowledge, shall set forth such facts as would be admissible in evidence, and shall
Thus, affidavits based upon inadmissible hearsay are insufficient to support summary judgment.
See
CRE 802;
Harris v. Grizzle,
To be entitled to judgment of forfeiture as a matter of law under § 16-13-303(l)(c), C.R.S. (1986 Repl.Vol. 8A), the People must prove that the vehicle in question was “used for unlawful manufacture, cultivation, growth, production, processing, sale, or distribution or for storage or possession for any unlawful manufacture, sale, or distribution of any controlled substance,” as defined in § 12-22-303(7), C.R.S. (1985 Repl.Vol. 5), which includes cocaine. See § 12-22-310(l)(a)(V), C.R.S. (1985 Repl.Vol. 5).
Here, the only evidence in the affidavit linking the Rolls Royce to the two alleged cocaine transactions were inadmissible hearsay statements made by an unidentified informant. The affiant had no personal knowledge of any direct connection between the Rolls Royce and the alleged cocaine sales. Furthermore, the affiant’s statement regarding the results of chemical analysis of the alleged cocaine in the first transaction contained inadmissible hearsay; and there was no evidence that the alleged cocaine in the second transaction had ever been tested or demonstrated to be cocaine.
Although a single sale of a controlled substance may warrant forfeiture of the vehicle involved,
see People v. One 1967 Pontiac (GTO),
The People assert that by failing to file an opposing affidavit, defendant did not offer any evidence to rebut the allegations in their affidavit. Although it may be perilous for the party opposing summary judgment not to file a responsive affidavit,
see
C.R.C.P. 56(e), election not to do so does not relieve the moving party of its burden to establish that summary judgment is appropriate.
See Ellerman v. Kite,
The judgment is reversed, and the cause is remanded for trial.
