125 Cal. App. Supp. 794 | Cal. App. Dep’t Super. Ct. | 1932
This case requires a construction of section 5 of the act of 1923 (Stats. 1923, p. 695) relating to the sale, possession and use of firearms and other dangerous
A statute must be construed as a whole, in order to determine the true legislative intent, reading each provision in the light of the others. (23 Cal. Jur. 760, 761.) Section 5 refers to section 8, and the latter provides that certain peace officers may, on proof of good cause and of an applicant’s good moral character, “issue to such person a license to carry concealed a pistol, revolver or other firearm for a period of one year from the date of such license”. This is the only provision in the act for a license to carry firearms, so that if section 5 is to be construed as requiring a license to carry a firearm unconcealed in a vehicle, no mode of procuring such license is provided, and the forward reference to section 8 is nugatory. There appears in section 7 of the act this provision, which is clearly in pari materia with section 5: “The unlawful concealed carrying upon the person or within the vehicle of the carrier of any dirk, dagger, pistol, revolver, or other firearm capable of being concealed upon the person, is a nuisance.” Following this are provisions for the confiscation and destruction of the weapons so carried. The word “concealed” is so placed in this last quotation as to leave no doubt that it applies to carrying either upon the person or within the vehicle. We find no reason for imputing any different meaning to
The title of the act also gives some support to our construction of section 5. While in the first few lines it contains general language probably adequate to cover the whole act, it then starts in to catalogue the contents; and although such a .catalogue is unnecessary, it reveals to us in this ease the legislative view of section 5, for the only part of the title peculiarly applicable to that section reads: “to prohibit the carrying of concealed firearms except by lawfully authorized persons”.
Because exceptions in a statute sometimes afford a clue to the intended scope of its provisions, we have examined the last paragraph of section 5. It is in the nature of an exception to the part which we have already quoted, and declares that “this section shall not be construed to prohibit” any person of a described class “from owning, possessing or keeping within his place of residence or place of business any pistol, revolver or other firearm capable of being concealed upon the person”, that no permit or license shall be required therefor, and that firearms or knives which are “carried openly” in a certain manner “shall not be deemed to be concealed”. By no possible liberality of construction could we hold that any of the acts mentioned in this exception are denounced by the prohibitive parts of the section. (See In re Bergen, 61 Cal. App. 226 [214 Pac. 521].) Hence, we conclude that the legislature, when framing this exception, was merely making “assurance doubly sure”, and that the exception cannot be used to extend the scope of the prohibition.
On a view of the whole act we find the conclusion clear and inescapable that it does not prohibit the carrying of a firearm in a vehicle unless it be concealed. While many reasons may be suggested why legislation prohibiting such carrying, regardless of concealment, is desirable, in the interest of the public peace and safety, they must be addressed to the legislature. We cannot go beyond the legislative intent disclosed by the statute.
On this construction of the act, the complaint states no violation of it. The charging part alleges that defend
The judgment and the order denying the motion for a new trial are reversed and the cause is remanded to the municipal court, with directions to dismiss the complaint.
McLueas, P. J., and Bishop, J., concurred.