123 Cal. 269 | Cal. | 1899
There was a former prosecution of Cummings, the defendant here, resulting in a judgment of conviction which was reversed in this court on the ground (among others appearing) of variance between the indictment and proof; it being held that the charge in that action of procuring by means of fraudulent representations the promissory, note of one C. Schnelle was not sustained by proof of obtaining by such means the joint note of C. Schnelle and L. W. Schnelle. (Peo
It is contended that there was no evidence to justify the verdict of guilty. The trial court instructed the jury—properly it would seem—to disregard certain portions of the evidence submitted by the prosecution, and the matters left for their consideration related mainly to the character and consequences of divers representations made by defendant concerning a tract of land owned by him, containing sixteen and one-half acres, situated in the county of Butte> which representations occurred in the course of a transaction wherein defendant conveyed the said tract of land, besides other property, to said C. Schnelle, and received in exchange therefor certain land of the latter, situated in Lake county, and also the promissory note aforesaid executed by both the Schnelles. Said note was for the sum of one hundred and seventy-five dollars, and was afterward paid by the makers. L. W. Schnelle is the son of C. Schnelle, and acted as a broker for both his father and defendant, it seems, in the said transactions. Without descending to unnecessary details it may be said that there was evidence that defendant stated to the Schnelles that his said tract of sixteen and one-half acres cost him two thousand five hundred dollars, cash; that the soil thereof was a dark, rich loam, and all cultivated, and that it adjoined a certain famous orchard; also that the statements were believed by the Schnelles and were part of the inducement to the execution of said note. There was further evidence that in fact the land of defendant did not adjoin said orchard, that nearly all of it was rocky, covered with bowlders, uncultivated and not susceptible of cultivation, and that defendant had paid no cash for it at all, but obtained the same as a bonus for releasing certain parties from a contract he had with them. These matters, with' other evidence in the case, made a question for the jury whether defendant uttered such representations, knowing them to be false, or (which is tantamount to knowledge of falsity) recklessly and without in
Defendant claims that the doctrine of caveat emptor, as known in civil cases, should have effect here. In determining in cases like the present whether the defrauded party really believed and acted upon the representations of the accused it is proper to consider whether they were of a character to probably induce belief in his mind or in the mind of any person of ordinary intelligence; but the law as it is at this day understood does not make it essential to conviction that the pretenses must have been such as would probably deceive such a person; the guilt of the accused does not depend upon the degree of folly or credulity of the party defrauded; the rule invoked affords no defense against a criminal charge. (People v. Martin, 102 Cal. 558, 566; People v. Jordan, supra; Oxx v. State, 59 N. J. L. 99; 1 Bishop’s Criminal Law, 8th ed., sec. 874; 2 Id., secs. 433, 434.)
It is contended that the superior court in and for the city and county of San Francisco, where defendant was indicted and tried, had no jurisdiction of the case, for the alleged reason that the false representations charged appeared by the evidence to have been made in Alameda county, where C. Schnelle resided. It is undisputed, however, that the note was delivered by the Sehnelles to defendant in the city and county of San Francisco; it was here, therefore, that defendant’s representations had final effect and the offense became complete; the venue was properly laid by the indictment in San Francisco. (People v. Adams, 3 Denio, 206; State v. Shaeffer, 89 Mo. 271.)
There appears in the record matter which for present purposes may be treated as a plea of once in jeopardy for the offense charged; the court instructed the jury to find for the prosecution on this issue, which was done accordingly; such instruction is assigned for error. There was no evidence to support the plea, and the instruction was right; the evidence offered in
We find no legal ground for reversal, and recommend that the judgment and orders appealed from be affirmed.
Haynes, C., and Chipman, C., concurred.
For the reasons given in the foregoing opinion the judgment and orders appealed from are affirmed.
Garoutte, J., Van Dyke, J., Harrison, J.
Hearing in Bank denied.
