This is an appeal from an order denying a motion to set aside a final judgment of conviction of .the crime of burglary in the second degree which carried with it an adjudication that appellant was an habitual criminal under the provisions of section 644 of the Penal Codе. The appeal is prosecuted under section 1237, subdivision 3, of the Penal Code, which provides that the defendant may appeal “from any order made after judgment affecting the substantial rights of the party”.
An information was filed against appellant, as follows:
“The District Attorney of the County of Tuolumne, State of California, herеby accuses Martin L. Carkeek and Fred Redenbaugh of a felony, to-wit: burglary, in that on or about the 9th day of October, 1938, in the County of Tuol *501 unme, State of California, they did enter the office of Hales and Symons adjacent to the southerly city limit of the City of Sonora, Tuolumne County, State of California, with intent to commit theft therein. That before the commission of the offense hereinabove set forth in this information, the said Martin L. Carkeek was convicted of a felony, to-wit: forgery, and was received at, and confined in Colorado State Penitentiary at Canon City, Colorado, on the 21st day of January, 1930, and did serve a term in said State Penitentiary for said offense. That before the commission of the offense hereinabove set forth in this information, the said Martin L. Carkeek ivas convicted of a felony, to-wit: grand larceny, and was recеived at, and confined in Oklahoma State Penitentiary at Macalester, Oklahoma, on June 4th, 1931, and did serve a term in said State Penitentiary for said offense.
“That before the commission of the offense hereinabove set forth in this information, the said Martin L. Carkeek was conviсted of a felony, to-wit: burglary, and was received at, and confined in Indiana State Reformatory at Pendleton, Indiana, in February, 1936, and did serve a term in said Reformatory for said offense.
“Dated: October 28th, 1938.”
Thereafter, appellant appeared in court and plead guilty to the chаrge of burglary, which the court found to be of the second degree, and also plead guilty to the prior convictions. He was adjudged to be an habitual criminal, and sentenced to imprisonment in the state prison on November 9, 1938. On August 5, 1939, appellant filed in the superior court a motion to set aside the judgment of conviction upon the following grounds:
1. The information does not charge a public offense; (2) The two prior convictions are not properly charged; (3) The second prior conviction had no term served therefor.
The motiоn was regularly heard and denied, and this appeal is taken from the order of denial.
It appears that appellant is not lacking in a sense of humor when he sets forth his first ground of appeal in the following language:
“Respondent Attorney General will contend that everyone knows what an ‘office’ is, and that offices are in buildings. Appellant calls attention to the fact that respondent holds *502 the ‘office’ of Attorney General, and that recent eases in Kansas City and New Orleans indicate that some politicians enter office with intеnt to commit theft therein, wjiieh entry could certainly not be called burglary. The trial court should have taken judicial notice of the fact that there was nothing before the court to indicate that the ‘office’ in the information was not a political office, or that it wаs in any one of the enclosures described in the Burglary Statute. (Pen. Code, see. 459, cited supra.)”
It might be observed, however, that an entry into a “room” with the necessary intent, makes out a case of burglary under section 459 of the Penal Code, and it might not be too great a strain upon thе vernacular to hold that an “office” is a “room”.
The second ground is that the designation of the particular court in which prior convictions occurred is not given in the information. The statute does not so provide. Also, it is urged that the Habitual Criminal Act (section 644 of the Penаl Code), provides not only that the prior conviction must be proved, but that the defendant served a “term” in the state prison of another state. While appellant plead guilty to having been convicted and having served a term upon each of the prior conviсtions charged, he admitted later, in answer to questions propounded by the trial court, that he escaped from one of the prisons. He urges, therefore, that he did not actually serve a “term”. But the legislature does not require that a full term be served, and a reasonable construction of the word would seem to be any period of time, otherwise, a premium would be placed upon the act of escape.
It is contended by the state that the appeal should be dismissed, for the reason that the record shows that this court has nо jurisdiction to entertain it. It therefore becomes necessary to determine whether an appeal will lie from every “order made after final judgment, affecting the substantial rights of the party”, or whether the.legislature intended to restrict the right of appeal to those orders which were not subject to attack under an appeal from the final judgment.
The cases arising in this state appear to be in some confusion, but a close examination of them reveals an attempt to follow a definite rule upon the scope of the code section men *503 tioned. The general rule is thus stated in 8 California Jurisprudence, at page 495:
“Ordinarily a party who has a right to appeal from a judgment or order is not allowed to move to set it aside and then appeal from an order denying his motion.” (Citing
People
v.
Walker,
In the case of
People
v.
Walker
(abоve), it is said: “Ordinarily, of course, where a party may appeal from a judgment or order he must appeal direct, and is not allowed to move to set aside and then appeal from the order denying his motion. But this is only a rule of practice, and it does not apрly when the case is such that a direct appeal would afford no relief by reason of the impossibility of securing a record showing the error complained of.
(Pignaz
v.
Burnett,
In
People
v.
Brattingham,
“Appellant сontends that an appeal is authorized by subdivision 3 of section 1237 of the Penal Code, which provides that an appeal may be taken from an order after judgment affecting the substantial rights of the defendant. It is also said that the court had inherent power at any time to vacate a void judgment. Generally this is true, but the rule is well established that an order made after judgment is not appeal-able where the motion merely asks the court to repeat or overrule the former ruling on the same facts. As said in
De La Montanya
v.
De La Montanya,
*504 ■ ■.“A number of decisions cited by appellаnt hold that the trial court has jurisdiction to vacate or modify a void judgment, but they do not' mention the question here presented, namely, will an appellate court entertain an appeal from an order made after judgment where the appeal from the judgment wоuld present precisely the same question, and in every way afford protection 'to the rights of the defendant I The authorities sustain the contention of the People upon this issue.
“Applying the rule to the record before us, it is apparent that upon an appeal from the judgment alone the judgment roll would contain everything necessary to a determination of the contention of the appellant, and to consider the appeal from the order refusing to modify the judgment would have the effect of allowing the right to two appeals. It is ordered that the appeal be dismissed.”
In the case of
People
v.
Van Buren,
“It is apparent thаt the merits of appellant’s contention cannot be considered on the hearing of the instant motion. The point here at issue is whether, considering the facts hereinbefore set forth, appellant is entitled to have his contention considered by this court. Not only is it clear that on the original appeal from the judgment appellant might have presented for decision by this court the identical point which he now urges, but also (assuming, but not deciding, the propriety of his first motion to vacate the said judgment) that he might have done so on his aрpeal from the order by which his motion to vacate the said judgment was denied. In other words, appellant heretofore has had at least one opportunity, and possibly two separate opportunities, to have determined the very point which on his third apрeal he now seeks to have decided. If such a course of procedure is in accordance with the law and the practice of the several interested courts, it is manifest that by presenting a single point on his appeal from the judgment against him, in the event thаt such judgment should be affirmed, the defendant thereafter by successive motions to vacate the judgment, each for a reason differing from either of the others, followed by an appeal from *505 the order in each case by which his said motion was denied, would occupy the attention of the trial court and this tribunal indefinitely. In that regard the authorities of this State appear to be against the position assumed by appellant.”
There is a line of cases which hold that an appeal will lie under these circumstances where the judgment is
void,
and these are relied upon by appellant, although he does not contend that the judgment here is void. In
People
v.
Perez,
It is our conclusion that the legislature, in enacting section 1237, subdivision 3 of the Penal Code, did not intend to give a defendant the right to raise any question which might have been raised under an appeal from a final judgment of conviction, and that this court had no jurisdiction to entertain an appeal based upon such grounds. On the other hand, if the judgment is attacked as being void, either upon its face or by reason of fraud or duress practiced upon the defendant, it may be attacked at any time under the provisions of said statute. This appears «tо be the rule which may be gleaned from the various cases where such an attack upon a final judgment has been made. To hold otherwise, would, in the language of
De La Montanya
v.
De La Montanya,
The record shows that this court has no jurisdiction to entertain the appeal, and it is therefore ordered that it be dismissed.
Pullen, P. J., and Thompson, J., concurred.