People v. Bond, 297 N.W.2d 620

K. B. Glaser, J.

Defendant was convicted of negligent homicide, contrary to MCL 750.324; MSA 28.556, on his plea of guilty. The charges against him arose from an auto accident which caused the death of the driver of another vehicle. As a condition of his probation, defendant was ordered ‍​‌​​‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌​‌‌​​​‌​​‌‌‌​​​​‌‌‌‌​‌‌‌‌​​​​‌‌​​‌‌​​​‌‌‌‌‌​​‌‌‌​​​​​‌​​‌‌‌‌‌​‌​‌‌​‌‌​‌‌​‌‌‌‌‌‌​​‌‌​‍to pay decedent’s insurance company, as restitution, $3,400 automobile damage and $745 funeral expenses which had been paid to decedent’s estate by that company. Defendant appeals as of right.

On appeal, defendant argues that restitution, as used in the probation statute, MCL 771.3(3); MSA 28.1133(3), is limited to compensation of direct victims of a crime; not indirect victims such as decedent’s insurance company.

Thus, the question is whether decedent’s insurance company is a person injured within the meaning of the statute. The resolution of that quesion depends on the intent of the Legislature in enacting MCL ‍​‌​​‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌​‌‌​​​‌​​‌‌‌​​​​‌‌‌‌​‌‌‌‌​​​​‌‌​​‌‌​​​‌‌‌‌‌​​‌‌‌​​​​​‌​​‌‌‌‌‌​‌​‌‌​‌‌​‌‌​‌‌‌‌‌‌​​‌‌​‍771.3(3); MSA 28.1133(3). It provides, in relevant part:

“The court may impose other lawful conditions of probation, including restitution in whole or in part to the person or persons injured or defrauded, as the circumstances of the case may require or warrant, or as in its judgment may be proper.”

In People v Pettit, 88 Mich App 203; 276 NW2d 878 (1979), this Court held that funeral and automobile expenses are proper subjects of restitution. The Court said:

“The circuit judge was within his statutory sentencing authority in imposing restitution as a condition of probation. The Michigan Legislature has expressly announced ‍​‌​​‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌​‌‌​​​‌​​‌‌‌​​​​‌‌‌‌​‌‌‌‌​​​​‌‌​​‌‌​​​‌‌‌‌‌​​‌‌‌​​​​​‌​​‌‌‌‌‌​‌​‌‌​‌‌​‌‌​‌‌‌‌‌‌​​‌‌​‍its intent that the granting of probation is a matter of grace. Sentencing judges are given wide latitude in setting the conditions of probation. Only if those conditions are unlawful will this Court disturb the sentencing judge’s determination.” Pettit, supra, 205. (Citations omitted.)

We conclude that the language of the statute in setting restitutional limits “as the circumstances of the case may require or warrant, or as in its judgment may be proper” as well as the broad discretion as to costs, indicates an intent that the sentencing judge should be free to fashion a just ‍​‌​​‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌​‌‌​​​‌​​‌‌‌​​​​‌‌‌‌​‌‌‌‌​​​​‌‌​​‌‌​​​‌‌‌‌‌​​‌‌‌​​​​​‌​​‌‌‌‌‌​‌​‌‌​‌‌​‌‌​‌‌‌‌‌‌​​‌‌​‍remedy under all the conditions.

In Pettit, supra, 207, the Court held that as to causation it was sufficient if there was “persuasive support in the record for the sentencing judge’s conclusion”. That standard is equally applicable to the question of the identification of “the person or persons injured or defrauded”. This is consistent with the liberal interpretation intended by the Legislature so long as the purpose of that payment and the manner in which it was determined is set forth. This has been done in the instant case.

Defendant also argues that the lower court’s ‍​‌​​‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌​‌‌​​​‌​​‌‌‌​​​​‌‌‌‌​‌‌‌‌​​​​‌‌​​‌‌​​​‌‌‌‌‌​​‌‌‌​​​​​‌​​‌‌‌‌‌​‌​‌‌​‌‌​‌‌​‌‌‌‌‌‌​​‌‌​‍action is more consistent with the term reparation than restitution. As noted in People v Pettit, su pra, 205, fn 1, in Michigan, for purposes of the probation statute, restitution includes reparation.

We hold that the order of restitution in the present case was not unlawful or an abuse of discretion.

Affirmed.

Case Details

Case Name: People v. Bond

Court Name: Michigan Court of Appeals

Date Published: Jul 23, 1980

Citations: 297 N.W.2d 620; 99 Mich. App. 86; 1980 Mich. App. LEXIS 2805; Docket 47286

Docket Number: Docket 47286

Court Abbreviation: Mich. Ct. App.