202 A.D. 651 | N.Y. App. Div. | 1922
The relator is a foreign corporation doing business within the State. It has an authorized capital stock of $1,617,500, consisting of 15,000 authorized shares of preferred stock, and 23,500 authorized shares of common stock. Of the preferred stock only 6,947 shares of the par value of $100 have been issued. The amount paid in for these shares was $694,700. Of the common stock only 13,837 shares have been issued. The certificates for these shares expressed no par value. The amount paid in therefor was $117,500, or about $8.55 per share. Although the total paid-in capital was, therefore, $812,200, the State Tax Commission, in computing the license tax due from relator under section 181 of the Tax Law, and the minimum franchise tax due under section 214 of that law, used as a base the sum of $2,078,400 as representing the capital of relator employed within the State. It arrived at this result by assuming that the value of the issued common stock of relator was $100 per share. The relator complains that this assumption was arbitrary; that it was made in the face of the undisputed proof that the
1. The license tax. This tax, in the instance of the relator, is governed by the provisions of section 181 of the Tax Law as they read just previously to the amendments thereto made by chapter 705 of the Laws of 1921. It was therein provided that every foreign corporation, with certain exceptions not here applicable, doing business in this State, should pay for the privilege of thus doing business a license fee of one-eighth of one per cent, “to be computed upon the basis of the capital stock employed by it within this State, during the first year of carrying on its business in this State.” (See Laws of 1917, chap. 490.) The precise language thus quoted was interpreted in People ex rel. Consolidated Ginseng Co. v. Kelsey (105 App. Div. 175; affd., 182 N. Y. 526). It was there held that the phrase “ capital stock ” was the equivalent of the word “ capital,” and that the license tax was to be computed on the basis of the actual amount of capital employed within the State. Section 181, as it read just prior to the amendment of 1921, also provided as follows: “ The measure of the amount of capital stock employed in this State shall be such a portion of the issued capital stock as the gross assets employed in any business within this State bear to the gross assets wherever employed in business.” This provision was not a part of section 181 when that section was considered in the Ginseng case, but was added thereto by chapter 474 of the Laws of 1906. It was considered in People ex rel. Elliott-Fisher Co. v. Sohmer (148 App. Div. 514; affd., 206 N. Y. .634). It was there held that the phrase “ issued capital stock ” used in the newly added provision meant “ share stock; ” that by virtue of such provision the capital taxable under section 181 became ascertainable by applying the proportion specified, not to the total capital as actually valued, but to that sum of money which represented the par value of all issued shares. Thus it was said by J. M. Kellogg, J., who wrote the opinion of the court: “ I think the history of the legislation up to that time and the use of the words ‘ issued capital stock ’ in the statute indicate clearly that the par value of the stock issued is to be the basis of taxation rather than its appraised value.” It will be observed that chapter 474 of the Laws of 1906 which added the provision thus under consideration did not repeal or withdraw that provision of section 181 first above noted, which made the tax computable upon “ capital stock employed,” a phrase which had been interpreted to mean “ actual capital.” The two provisions, therefore, coexisted in section 181 as that section read prior to the amendment of 1921. They were not inharmonious. The tax continued to be computable upon
2. The minimum franchise tax. This tax, in the instance of the relator, was assessable for the year November 1, 1920, to October 31, 1921. It was provided in section 214 of the Tax Law as that law read in the year 1920 (added by Laws of 1917, chap. 726, as amd. by Laws of 1920, chap. 640) that every foreign corporation doing business in this State, with certain exceptions, should be subject to a minimum tax of one mill upon such portion of its “ issued capital stock, at its face value,” as its gross assets employed within this State bore to its gross assets wherever employed. This section contained the following clause: “If such a corporation has stock without par value, then the base of the tax shall be such a portion of its issued capital stock as its gross assets employed in its business in this State bear to the entire gross assets employed in its business, and its shares without par value shall be deemed to have a face value of one hundred dollars each for the purposes of this assessment.” It is contended by the relator that if the expression “ shall be deemed” is construed to have the meaning “shall be determined ” then the provision has the effect of imposing a discriminatory tax, and is unconstitutional within the authority of People ex rel. Farrington v. Mensching (187 N. Y. 8).
In the Mensching case there was under consideration a law imposing a tax on transfers of certificates of stock. The tax imposed was interpreted to be a tax upon the transfer of every share of stock, and to be the same tax whether the face value or
We cannot escape the conclusion that the expression “ shall be deemed,” as employed in the provision under consideration, does have the force of “ shall be determined.” The compulsory valuation of $100 required by the provision as thus construed to be placed upon every share of no par value stock is entirely arbitrary, and necessarily would result in unequal taxation. It would require corporations having issued stock of the actual value of $5 per share to pay the same tax per share as corporations having issued stock the shares of which were in fact worth $1,000 per share. It might have the result of compelling corporations, employing in this State a capital of only $1,000, to pay, for the privilege of doing their limited business, the same taxes as corporations employing within the State a capital of $200,000. The words above quoted from the opinion of Judge Vann in the Mensching case apply with equal force to the tax sought to be imposed in the case at bar under the provision quoted from section 214 of the Tax Law, and compel the conclusion that the provision is unconstitutional.
Section 214 of the Tax Law, as it read prior to the enactment of chapter 640 of the Laws of 1920, did not contain the objectionable provision which we regard as unconstitutional. The law then provided for a minimum tax of not less than one mill upon each dollar of the issued capital stock of a foreign corporation apportioned to this State. (Laws of 1919, chap. 628, § 6.) It also provided as follows: “If such a corporation has stock without par value,
The determination of the State Tax Commission should be annulled, and the case remitted to the Commission for further action in accordance with this opinion.
All concur.
Determination annulled, with fifty dollars costs and disbursements, and matter remitted to the State Tax Commission for further action in accordance with the opinion.