70 N.Y.S. 869 | N.Y. App. Div. | 1901
. Upon, the trial of issues joined on a writ of alternative mandamus, the-court, after taking proofs, dismissed the writ, apparently on- the ground of loches of. the relator. -Prom the judgment of dismissal this appeal is taken. •
The relator on the 25th of March, 1895, was appointed a clerk in' the-office of the '.commissioner of jurors', for the then.city of New York. He retained his position from that day until the 31st of March, 1898. On the last-mentioned day he was removed by John Purcell, then commissioner of jurors for the boroughs of Manhattan • and The Bronx. On the 1st of April, 1898, the relator sent to. Commissioner Purcell a letter of protest against being summarily removed -from liis position, as he -held it under the- Civil Service ■ Law and he. claimed .he could not be removed-without a hearing on ^charges. No. hearing was accorded him and no. specific charge seems to have been made against him. On the 4th of April, 1898, Mr. Purcell wrote the relator acknowledging- the receipt of the
Tinder the evidence, as it appears in the record before us, -the correctness of the dismissal of the writ on the ground of the relator’s loches may be open to doubt. The excuse he makes for the delay in resorting to his legal remedy is, in the judgment of some of the members of this court, a reasonable one, but although the delay may have been excused, there is another ground .upon which the action of the court in dismissing the writ must be sustained, and it was specifically taken by counsel for the respondent on the trial. It is that no demand for reinstatement was made upon the present respondent. It will be observed that no proceeding was pending against Mr. Purcell at the time of his death, which was on the 12th of September, 1898. There is no question, therefore, of the abatement of a proceeding instituted and pending against Mr. Purcell, for the only reference made in the papers to any action antedating that against this respondent is the verification of a petition made subsequent to Mr. Purcell’s death. The matter, therefore, stands as an original proceeding against Mr. Welde, who, by force of the writ, if a peremptory mandamus were granted, would be the individual required to right a wrong committed by his predecessor in - office. It is a general rule that before a writ of mandamus will issue,' the application must show a demand and refusal, either in express terms • of by conduct from which such refusal may be implied, unless the performance of that which it is sought to compel is in the nature of a public-duty. (People ex rel. O'Brien v. Cruger, 12 App. Div. 536.) Here the matter of the relator’s claim was one purely of personal right. “ The writ is sought simply to protect a private right, in the performance of which nobody but the relator has any interest.” The remarks of Mr. justice Strong in United States v. Boutwell (17 Wall. 604) are pertinent and conclusive upon the point. That
The learned-judge then proceeds to state that it is an imperative rule that previous to making an application for a writ, to command the performance of any' particular act, an express and distinct demand or request, to perform it must have been made by the relator on a defendant and for the reason, among others, that were a demand-made upon- him he might discharge the duty and render the inter-, position of the court unnecessary. In the State of New York the rule is referred to not as an .imperative but a general one.
Ho demand was made upon this respondent. . ¿He did no wrong personally to the relator, nor was he associated or in privity in any. way with, his predecessor.- There was no' personal default on his part and he cannot be exposed to the consequences that would ensue from the granting of a peremptory writ, because of a wrongful act of a- person preceding him in office, when no opportunity whatever has been afforded him to rectify a wrong of which he is altogether innocent and of the commission of which he had no cognizance. A-demand made-upon his predecessor would not suffice. (The State ex rel. Wick v. Slick, 86 Ind. 501.) The case is not one of a writ directed to a continuing body, nor of the revival and prosecution of a proceeding already, taken or pending when this respondent was appointed to office. It is an independent proceeding directed against Mr. Welde,. and we -are of opinion that the relator had no standing in court to enforce his right until he had made a demand upon Mr. Welde for restoration to his position.. .
The judgment appealed from should .be affirmed, with, costs.
. O’Brien,-Ingraham, Hatch and Laughlin, JJ., concurred.
Judgment affirmed,, with costs.