25 Pa. Commw. 632 | Pa. Commw. Ct. | 1976
Opinion by
The instant case concerns the retirement service credits earned by part-time employees of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. At least from 1959 and including part of 1969, part-time workers receiving an annual salary were advised, and the State Employees ’ Retirement Board (Board) systematically calculated retirement benefits on the basis, that one year of credit would be earned for each year the employee earned an annual salary.
In mid -1969 the Board requested an attorney general’s opinion on the propriety of the system of computation of retirement credits of part-time employees for the purposes of eligibility and vesting. The opinion, issued in response to this request, advised that part-time employees were eligible to receive credit for pension fund purposes, only in an amount correspond
In 1969, and until amended in 1974, Section 204(1) of the State Employes’ Retirement Code of 1959, Act of June 1, 1959, P.L. 392, as amended, 71 §17205- 204 (1), provided, in pertinent part:
“In computing the length of service of a contributor for retirement purposes, a year of service shall mean a period of twelve (12) months during which a contributor is a State employe and for which he receives an annual salary or other compensation. The time during which a State employe is on furlough or on leave of absence without pay shall not be counted in computing the credited service or the final average salary of the contributor. ...”
In 1974, the legislature adopted the State Employees’ Retirement Code, 71 Pa. C.S. §5101 et seq. This enactment, at 71 Pa. C.S. §5302(a), altered the method of computation of retirement credits by providing :
“In computing credited State service of a member for the determination of benefits, a full-time salaried State employee including any member of the General Assembly, shall receive credit for service in each period for which he makes contributions as required but in no case shall he receive more than one year’s credit for any twelve consecutive months or twenty-sis consecutive biweekly pay periods. A perdiem or hourly
In November of 1975, plaintiffs, a union, and four individual part-time employees,
The most important objection raised by defendants is the failure to state a cause of action. If successful in this assertion, plaintiffs’ case would be lost. We will, therefore, initially consider this objection.
Defendants contend that pursuant to Section 204 (1) of the State Employes’ Retirement Code of 1959 (repealed) and the State Employees’ Retirement Code (1974), 71 Pa. C.S. §5302, part-time salaried State employees were only entitled to credit, for retirement eligibility and vesting, measured by the fractional proportion of the time worked to full time. We cannot agree with this reading of the prior law. The first sentence of Section 204(1), above, clearly entitled a state employee to a credit for one year for any twelve month period during which the employee received an annual salary.
Defendants would apply the second sentence, disallowing credit for time during which an employee is on furlough or leave of absence without pay, to part-time employees. There is nothing in the statute or in the pleadings to indicate such individuals were so disqualified, and such a conclusion is contrary to the express language of the statute and to the way the statute was administered for many years. It is our determination that under the law, until repealed in 1974,
The State Employees’ Retirement Code, 71 Pa. C.S. §5302(a), above, effective as of March 1, 1974, altered the prior law. On March 1,1974, and thereafter, part-time employees, by express provision of the law, were to earn only a pércentage of a year’s credit for each twelve months, depending on the percentage of time employed by the Commonwealth.
Plaintiffs argue that any employee with ten or more years of retirement credits prior to March 1,1974 had a vested right
In Harvey v. Allegheny County Retirement Board, 392 Pa. 421, 141 A.2d 197 (1958), the Court clearly set forth the law with regard to public employees with vested rights in retirement funds. There the Court summarized:
“1. An employe who has complied with all conditions necessary to receive a retirement allowance cannot be affected adversely by subsequent legislation which changes the terms of the retirement contract.
2. An employe who has not attained eligibility to receive a retirement allowance may be subject to legislation which changes the terms of the retirement contract if the change is a reasonable enhancement of the actuarial soundness of the retirement fund.
3. An employe who has not attained eligibility to receive a retirement allowance may not be- subject to legislation which changes the terms of the retirement
Certainly, employees who, as of March 1, 1974, had complied with all conditions necessary to receive retirement, i.e., attained entitlement, will be entitled to the same without regard to the 1974 enactment. Those who were in the process of attaining retirement eligibility, including those with vested rights in retirement by ten years or more services, will be subjected to the altered retirement credit calculations for part-time employment if it is determined that 1974 modification reasonably enhances the actuarial soundness of the retirement fund.
In 1968 the State Employes’ Retirement Code was amended by the Act of July 31, 1968, P.L. 695, No. 230, as to provide for vesting which was defined as:
“ 'Vesting’ . . . shall mean the right of a member who separates from the service after having completed ten (10) or more years of credited service to leave accumulated deductions and accumulated Social Security Integration deductions credited to his account in the Fund, and upon reaching superannuation retirement age, receive a superannuation retirement allowance. ’ ’
In the State Employees’ Retirement Code (1974), 71 Pa. C.S.A. 5309, it is provided:
“Any member who terminates State service with ten or more eligibility points shall be eligible until attainment of superannuation age to vest his retirement benefits. ’ ’
“A member with ten or more eligibility points who has terminated State service and has elected to leave his total accnmnlated deductions in the fund and to defer receipt of an annuity.”
It is quite clear that vesting, as used in these two Acts, is not the entitlement spoken of in Harvey which precludes any modification adversely affecting the employee.
Having determined that plaintiff has stated a cause of action by alleging that the changes were not made to enhance the actuarial soundness of the fund, we will quickly review the remaining objections, which are more technical in nature. Plaintiff union is a proper party under Rule 2002(b) of the Pennsylvania Rules of Civil Procedure.
, 346 A.2d 269 (1975), in that its members have a direct and substantial interest in the litigation and the result thereof will have an immediate impact on the parties.
Prosecution of the instant claim as a class action is also determined to be appropriate. The prerequisites
Defendants also object to the inclusion of Milton J. Shapp, Governor, as a party defendant and to the plaintiffs’ count in mandamus due to an adequate remedy at law. It is very questionable whether hearing rights under the law
Similarly, it is premature, without a record, to drop as a party defendant, the person alleged in plaintiffs’ complaint to be in control of the retirement system. Rule 2232(d) of the Pennsylvania Rules of Civil Procedure
Accordingly, we will enter the following
Order
Now, July 30, 1976, the preliminary objections of the defendants to the plaintiffs’ complaint for lack of standing, adequate remedy at law, in the nature of a demurrer, lack of capacity to sue and in the form of a motion to drop a party are dismissed and the defendants are given twenty days from the date hereof to answer plaintiffs’ complaint".
For example, an employee who worked 2% days a week out of a 5 day week would be working 50% of full time and receive credit for retirement for one-half year for each calendar year of Commonwealth employment.
Plaintiff, Pennsylvania Association of State Mental Hospital Physicians, Inc., is a labor organization organized as a non-profit corporation representing approximately 900 mental health physicians at state owned facilities, a substantial percentage of whom are part-time employees. The individual plaintiffs are an x-ray technician who works 40% of full time, a medical doctor who works 55% of full time, a full-time medical doctor who formerly worked part time and a medical doctor working 60% of full time. All of the named individual plaintiffs have at various times worked at different percentages of full time than they presently do, and all sue on behalf of themselves and similarly situated persons.
Act of July 31, 1968, P.L. 695 (repealed), continued in the State Employees’ Retirement Code in-1974, 71 Pa. C.S. §5309.
Plaintiffs, in their complaint, allege the change in retirement credit for part-time employees bears no relationship to actuarial soundness of the fund and may put the defendants to the test of proving to the contrary, hut we must note that, prima facie and almost to the point of judicial notice, the 1974 computation alteration appears to add to the soundness of the retirement system.
Rule 2002 (b) states, in part:
“A plaintiff may sue in his own name without joining as plaintiff or use-plaintiff any person beneficially interested when such plaintiff
“(1) is acting in a fiduciary or representative capacity, which capacity is disclosed in the caption and in the plaintiff’s initial pleading.”
Rule 2230(a) provides: “If persons constituting a class are so numerous as to make it impracticable to join all as parties, any one or more of them who will adequately represent the interest of all may sue or be sued on behalf of all, but the judgment entered in such action shall not impose personal liability upon anyone not a party thereto.”
Sections 5302 and 5902(h) of the State Employees' Retirement Code, 71 Pa. C.S. §§5302 and 5902(h) and 4 Pa. Code §250.1.
Rule 2232(d) of the Pennsylvania Rnles of Civil Procedure provides : “When a plaintiff joins two or more defendants and the evi