Peeples v. State

Mar 23, 1898
Reporters:
, ,
Before:
Lumpkin
Lumpkin, P. J.

The plaintiff in error, T. J. Peeples, who was convicted upon an indictment charging him with having received from Walter Bohannon stolen goods, knowing the same to have bеen stolen, complains of the overruling of his motion ‍​​‌​‌​​‌‌‌​​​​​​‌​​​‌​​​‌​​‌​‌​​​‌​‌‌​​​‌​​​​‌‌‌‍for a new trial. It contains many grounds. Some of them relate to questions which can hardly arise at the new trial whiсh we shall grant, and others are not of sufficient importance to require special notice at our hands.

1. The accused relied largely in his defense upon proof of his previous good character, and called to the stand fоr the purpose of establishing the same quite a number of witnesses. His counsel offеred to inquire of them, “how long they had known him, how near they had lived to him, and how intimately аcquainted with him they were.” ‍​​‌​‌​​‌‌‌​​​​​​‌​​​‌​​​‌​​‌​‌​​​‌​‌‌​​​‌​​​​‌‌‌‍The court refused to permit this to be done. In our judgment, the court should, within reasonable limits, have allowed an examination of these witnesses upon the line indicated. It would not, of course, have been competent to prove by them particular acts pf the accused tending to show good character, or allow them to state *630their personal opinions as to his uprightness and integrity. They could only testify as to their knowledge of his general character, or reputation; but while this is true, we think their answers to questions of the nature abоve specified would have been relevant as tending to show their opportunities for acquiring a knowledge of that general character. In 1 Gr. Ev. (15th ed.) §461, in laying down the rule as to how the character of a person is to be proved, it is said: “ The inquiry must be made as to his general reputation, where he is best known.” The witnesses “must be аble to state what is generally said of the person by those among whom he dwells, or with whom he is chiefly conversant; for it is this only that ‍​​‌​‌​​‌‌‌​​​​​​‌​​​‌​​​‌​​‌​‌​​​‌​‌‌​​​‌​​​​‌‌‌‍constitutes his general reputation or character.” The following, extracted from the same section, is especially pertinent to our present question: “And, ordinarily, the witness ought himself to comе from the neighborhood of the person whose character is in question.” Obviously, one who has for a long time resided in the same community with another is more likely to know the general reputation of the latter than those whose acquaintanсe with him is only casual, and who, by reason of not having associated with his’ neighbors, have not had the means of knowing the general estimation in which he is held. The doctrine аs laid down by Greenleaf is stated in almost the same terms in 3 Taylor on Ev. (9th ed.) § 14723.

2. The charge of the court, in so far as it dealt with legal principles involved in the case, was substantially correct. Portions of it were, however, ‍​​‌​‌​​‌‌‌​​​​​​‌​​​‌​​​‌​​‌​‌​​​‌​‌‌​​​‌​​​​‌‌‌‍argumentative; but we apprehend that at the next trial the court’s instructions to the jury will not be in this respect subjeсt to criticism.

In’ ruling upon certain questions arising during the trial, the judge made remarks which were objectionable and calculated to prejudice the case оf the accused. We will call attention to two of these. The accused hаving moved for a continuance on the ground of an absent witness, ‍​​‌​‌​​‌‌‌​​​​​​‌​​​‌​​​‌​​‌​‌​​​‌​‌‌​​​‌​​​​‌‌‌‍viz., his son Drew Peeples, and having- sworn that this witness was not absent with his knowledge or by his procurement or consent, the judge, in the presence of those from whom the jury was to be selected, remarked in this connection: “I will pass this case until a *631quarter after one this evеning. Captain Peeples [meaning the accused] can get Drew Peeples here, if he wants him.” Again, in ruling upon the question discussed in the first division of this opinion, the judge alluded to the efforts of counsel to introduce the testimony therein referred to as being unnecessary, because they consumed time “in taking wild-goose chases all over the country in these things.” There was no occasion for making remarks of this kind, аnd their effect upon the prisoner’s case could not have been othеrwise than harmful.

A slight error was committed in permitting the introduction of hearsay testimony; but thе record does not disclose that any other illegal evidence was admitted. We are satisfied, upon a careful review of the whole case, that a new trial should be granted ; and it is accordingly so ordered.

Judgment reversed.

All concurring, except Gobb, J., absent.