2 A. 300 | R.I. | 1886
The first exception is for the refusal of the court below to dismiss the action for want of jurisdiction. The motion to dismiss was submitted by the defendants after the plaintiffs had introduced their testimony, and was based, not on any defect apparent in the record, but on a claim that there was no evidence that the tenements sued for were tenements let. The motion, though in form a motion to dismiss, was in effect a motion for a nonsuit. A motion for a nonsuit is addressed to the discretion of the court, and is not ordinarily matter for exception.
The second and third exceptions are for the refusal of the court below to nonsuit the plaintiffs, or to direct a verdict for the defendants, because the notices to quit were unreasonably short, and therefore void. The tenancy, if any existed, was admittedly either a tenancy at will or by sufferance. The notices were notices to quit August 17, 1885, and were given August 14, 1885. Our statute, Pub. Stat. R.I. cap. 232, § 1, provides: "Tenants of land or tenements at will or by sufferance shall quit upon notice in writing from the lessor or owner at the day named therein." The *214
natural construction of this section is that the tenant receiving notice shall quit on the day named, and that all that he can require is that the notice shall give him a day. If this view be correct, the notices were good. The defendants contend that the construction is too strict, and that "notice" means" reasonable notice." We should be inclined to construe the section so, if the language were that the tenants "shall quit upon notice in writing from the lessor or owner," without more; but the section adds, "at the day named therein," which, it seems to us, clearly indicates an intention to leave the length of the notice to the discretion of the lessor or owner giving it. To hold that "notice" means "reasonable notice," is to open the door to contention such as it was the intention of chapter 232 to avert. The objection is that, if the length of the notice be left to the discretion of the lessor or owner, he may use his discretion oppressively. The objection is not decisive. We think § 1 applies only to strict tenancies at will or sufferance, such as were terminable at common law on demand, and which are not very common here. Jackson v. Bradt, 2 Caines, 168; Post v. Post, 14 Barb. S.C. 253; Humphries v. Humphries, 3 Ired. 362;Kinsley v. Ames, 2 Met. 29; Hollis v. Pool, 3 Met. 350;Johnson v. Johnson,
The last exception is, because the court below directed a verdict for the plaintiffs against both defendants. We think this was error. The only counts in the declaration which, in our opinion, *215
fully state a cause of action within the jurisdiction of a special court, are the counts against the defendants as tenants by hiring, and as tenants at will of the plaintiffs, for they are the only counts which show even by implication that the tenements sued for are tenements let. It is not claimed that there was any evidence to support the counts against the defendants as tenants by hiring; and the only evidence brought to our attention to support the counts against the defendants as tenants at will of the plaintiffs, is the admissions of the defendants in their answer to the plaintiff's bill in equity. These admissions, however, are only evidence of a tenancy at will between the defendants and Bowen, the former owner, and that tenancy, if it ever existed, came to an end when Bowen died. Being a tenancy at will, it was purely personal, and the plaintiffs could not succeed to it by devise or inheritance. It may be thought, on the authority of Kenney v. Sweeney,
First three exceptions overruled, the last exceptionsustained, case remitted for new trial.
