185 A. 853 | Pa. | 1936
Argued April 10, 1936. Plaintiff leased some articles of household furniture and equipment from defendant. After making payment of a substantial part of the rentals, he fell into arrears. Defendant issued a writ of replevin, and its employee, one Collins, went with the deputy sheriff to see that the goods were obtained. Collins was in defendant's collection department, and testified that it was among his duties to go out with the sheriff when a replevin was issued and "get the goods." According to plaintiff's testimony, all the leased goods were on his premises when the writ was executed, but Collins and the deputy sheriff asserted that they could not locate some of the articles. Collins reported this to one Dalmasse, who was defendant's credit manager. Dalmasse told Collins he should make further inquiries as to the missing goods. Collins did so and then swore out a warrant for plaintiff's arrest on the charge of fraudulent conversion under the Act of May 18, 1917, P. L. 241. At the hearing before the alderman, Dalmasse appeared as a witness. Plaintiff stated that the goods were all in his home and that defendant was free to take them at its pleasure. The alderman then inquired of Dalmasse what he desired done in the matter, and the latter stated that he wanted plaintiff put in jail. The alderman thereupon committed him and the plaintiff remained in confinement for two days; then, at Dalmasse's suggestion, Collins went to have him released but found that he had just been freed on bail. The criminal proceedings were terminated at Collins's request; the indictment was ignored by the grand jury, and the costs placed on the prosecutor. Meanwhile the "missing" goods were taken by the deputy sheriff under *103 the writ of replevin on a second visit to plaintiff's home. Plaintiff brought the present action for malicious prosecution. The jury rendered a verdict in the sum of $3,160. The court below discharged defendant's rule for a new trial but entered judgment n. o. v. in its favor on the ground that there was not sufficient evidence to show that either Collins or Dalmasse was authorized by defendant to institute the criminal prosecution against plaintiff.
In the leading case of Markley v. Snow,
It is unlikely that general authority to institute criminal prosecutions would be given expressly to any particular employee by corporate authority, nor is it necessary to show express authorization. It is sufficient if the arrest was made or instigated by an agent in the course of his employment where there has been entrusted *104 to such agent the duty of protecting his employer's property or obtaining its recovery.
Collins was employed not only to collect bills but to assist the sheriff in replevin proceedings in repossessing leased articles. If, finding that any of the goods were missing, he instituted criminal proceedings against the lessee, it might be inferred that the object of such proceedings was to compel the accused to deliver possession of the articles sought.
Plaintiff's case, however, does not rest solely upon the acts of Collins, and it is not necessary therefore to decide whether the case should have been submitted to the jury if it depended merely upon the question of Collins's authority. Plaintiff's position is fortified by the testimony regarding Dalmasse, who was Collins's superior. He stated that he was defendant's "credit manager." He participated in the criminal proceedings brought against plaintiff, partly by having conversations on the subject with Collins and partly by appearing before the alderman and requesting him to imprison plaintiff. A jury might conclude that, as credit manager, he was at the head of the department of defendant's business which was charged inter alia with the enforcement of the obligations of defendant's customers to make payments of rentals or to return the property. In the case of a similar "credit manager" the Superior Court said in Shields v. Patterson,
In Farneth v. Commercial Credit Co.,
Plaintiff and his wife testified that the goods had not been removed or secreted by him but were in plain view on his premises when the deputy sheriff came there; this was sufficient evidence of lack of probable cause for submission *106
to the jury. Moreover, the jury could infer from the testimony that the object of the criminal prosecution was to collect the debt or obtain the return of the property; a prosecution so motivated constitutes prima facie evidence of malice and want of probable cause: Farneth v. Commercial Credit Co., supra;Randall v. Fenton Storage Co.,
While, for the reasons thus indicated, we are of opinion that defendant's motion for judgment n. o. v. should not have been granted, we think that its rule for a new trial should have been made absolute. It was error to have permitted plaintiff to call Dalmasse as for cross-examination. He was not a director nor an officer of defendant corporation (Amsterdam v. E. I.DuPont de Nemours Powder Co.,
While the printed record does not contain any evidence bearing upon the question of the damages sustained by plaintiff, the verdict as rendered seems to be a large one under the circumstances. The jury itemized it as including $2,055 for "compensation," $560 for "humiliation," and $545 for "smart money." An award for "humiliation" is not to be allowed in addition to, but only as a part of, "compensation." Furthermore, there seems to have been a claim by plaintiff for damages sustained by reason of his having contracted pneumonia as a result of confinement in jail; such a claim, to be successful, should be sustained by convincing proof of a causal relationship between the imprisonment and the illness suffered.
The order of the court granting judgment n. o. v. in favor of defendant is reversed. Defendant's rule for a new trial is reinstated and herewith made absolute. *107