194 Ind. 172 | Ind. | 1923
This action, based upon petition, is for writ of error coram nobis, which was the common-law remedy for review of judgments based upon error of fact.
Appellant Partlow was found guilty by a jury November 20, 1919, of having received stolen goods as charged in an indictment, which was followed by a judgment of fine and imprisonment. His appeal to the Supreme Court, based upon alleged error of the trial court in overruling his motion for a new trial, was affirmed by the Supreme Court October 14, 1920 (191 Ind. 660, 128 N. E. 436), and upon the overruling of the petition for rehearing the cause was remanded to the Marion Criminal Court March 10, 1922, for the execution of the judgment of this court, affirming the judgment of the trial court. Thereafter appellant filed his petition with the Marion Criminal Court for writ of error coram nobis based upon error of fact, alleging therein that one of the witnesses who testified in behalf of the state in the trial of the accused upon the indictment, had, after the time had elapsed for filing a motion for a new trial, and after appeal to this court, made an affidavit that the evidence given by himself
Although courts, as an indispensable arm of government, have existed since the beginning of recorded history, for the administration of justice, through and by established rules of jurisprudence, in the administration of which was the outgrowth of the maxim, ubi jus ibi remedium (there is no wrong without a remedy), the rule has long prevailed, that there must be an end to the litigation of a particular cause, and that an alleged injured litigant, in order to establish what he may deem the justice of the cause, may not have de novo, trial after trial, ad infinitum,. The establishment of courts of justice was not, and is not now, for the purpose of promoting, but rather to end, litigation. Especially has the rule long prevailed that an affirmance of the judgment of the trial court by a, court of review estops the litigant from thereafter claiming a review under writ of error coram nobis in the court of original jurisdiction.
The maxim quoted was not so broad as to license a litigant to run the gamut of the courts to his satisfaction; for public interest requires that litigation shall come to an end speedily; so that when a cause shall have been tried to judgment, and the merits of the trial determined upon appeal, the trial court, upon remittitur, shall have no power but to obey the judgment of the appellate court, “otherwise, litigation would never be. ended, and the supreme tribunal of the State would be shorn of the authority over inferior tribunals with which it.is invested by our .fundamental law.” Galbreath v. Wallrich (1910), 48 Colo. 127, 109 Pac. 417, 139 Am. St. 263.
This writ is called coram nobis (quae coram nobis resident) or coram vobis (quod coram vobis resident) according to the court in which the proceedings are, the King’s bench of common pleas, and in some cases the writ is named one or the other indiscriminately. Beaubien v. Hamilton (1841), 3 Scam. (Ill.) 213.
The common-law rule denying the writ after affirmance of judgment has been adopted by the courts of last resort in some states, and has been repudiated by no state of which the court is aware. Land v. Williams (1849), 12 Smedes & Marshall (Miss.) 362, 51 Am. Dec. 117; Latham v. Hodges (1852), 35 N. C. 267; 4 C. J. p. 1148, §3156; 2 R. C. L. p. 276, §230. Although the case at bar is of first impression in this state, this court has recognized the rule, and approved it by dictum. Davis v. Binford (1880), 70 Ind. 44.
The trial court had no jurisdiction by virtue of the •petition for writ of error coram nobis; and being without jurisdiction, a judgment revocatur by it
would have been coram non judice; wherefore the appeal ought to be dismissed.
The appeal is dismissed.