81 Kan. 351 | Kan. | 1909
The opinion of the court was delivered by
Lots 11, 12 and 13 of block 4 in Washington front north on an east-and-west street. Lot 11 is bounded on the east by an alley extending north and south and separating that lot from a tier of lots fronting east. On November 23, 1891, all these lots be
“All the following-described, real estate, situated in the county of Washington and state of Kansas, to wit: All that part of lots twelve (12) and thirteen (13) in block four (4) in the city of Washington, Kan., lying west of the west end of the residence now owned and occupied by said grantors and more particularly described as follows, to wit:
“Commencing at a point on the north line of said lot No. twelve directly north of the west end of said dwelling house and running south to the alley, thence west along the north line of said alley to the southwest corner of said lot No.-thirteen (13), thence north along the west line of said lot to the northwest corner thereof, thence east along the north line of said lots to the place of beginning.
“Said grantors hereby grant the said grantee the free use of the well used in connection with the prem*353 ises above granted as long as he bear one-half of the expense of cleaning and repairing said well.”
The defendants took immediate possession of the premises included in the enclosure referred to, and were in the undisturbed, open possession thereof when this action was commenced.
On September 10, 1903, W. Calvet and wife made a conveyance to Emma A. Parks of premises thus described :
“All the following-described real estate situated in the county of Washington and state of Kansas, to wit:
“Lot No. eleven (11) in block No. four (4), in the city of Washington, county and state aforesaid; and all that part of lot No. twelve (12) which was not deeded to Charlotte Baker.”
Mrs. Parks took immediate possession under this deed of all the premises east of the fence forming the west boundary of the enclosure, before described, and made no claim to any of the premises west Cf that fence so occupied by the defendants until shortly before the commencement of this action, when she demanded a strip of land sixteen and one-half feet wide from the east side of the premises occupied and claimed by the defendants, west of the west end of the house and the connecting fence above referred to.
This action was commenced by Mrs. Parks to recover this west sixteen and one-half feet of lot 11. On the trial evidence was offered tending to show that considerable uncertainty existed as to the true location of the lot lines in that block and in other parts of the city; that the Calvets, owning only lot 11 at the time they built their dwelling house upon it, were afterward informed that this house extended one foot upon lot 12; and that they afterward purchased lots 12 and 13, and then erected the fence connecting with the west end of their dwelling house, before referred to. The evidence tended to prove that the west line of lot 11 designated
The defendants contend that in applying the rule that fixed visible monuments control courses and distances iii the description of lands all the land west of the west end of the house and the connecting fence was conveyed to Mrs. Baker, the house being the controlling monument. But if the description should be considered ambiguous or of doubtful meaning, susceptible of different interpretations, then they contend that parol evidence offered by them to prove that this fence was the boundary actually agreed upon at the time of the conveyance was erroneously rejected. They insist, also, that evidence offered to prove that a parol agreement was afterward made between the parties establishing the boundary-line in question, which evidence was also rejected, should have been admitted.
With respect to the first of these claims the plaintiff contends that applying the same rule — that fixed monuments govern — no part of lot 11 was conveyed by the first deed. She insists that the controlling monument is not the house, but the initial point in the “north line of lot 12,” referred to in the deed, and that in starting there an intention was shown to reserve all of lot 11. On the other hand, the defendants insist that this reference to the north line of lot 12 only indicates a mistake, growing out of the prevailing uncertainty as to lot lines.
The description of the east boundary in the deed to Mrs. Baker is ambiguous. The evidence shows that a point directly north of the west end of the house would not be in the north line of lot 12, but would be in the north line of lot 11. It is clear that there is a mistake in one of these particulars. In Mayberry v. Beck, 71 Kan. 609, it was held:
^ “Where there is a latent ambiguity in the descrip*355 tion of the land conveyed by deed parol evidence may be received, not to contradict the instrument but to explain the ambiguity, and to that end testimony as to the situation and condition of the land conveyed, the circumstances under which the conveyance was made and the practical construction put upon the conveyance by the parties may be admitted.”- (Syllabus.)
The description in the deed under consideration presents a proper case for the application of this rule, which is supported by numerous decisions in other states and by text-writers. (Purkiss v. Benson, 28 Mich. 538; Dodd v. Witt, 139 Mass. 63, 66; Jackson v. Britton, 4 Wend. [N. Y.] 507; 1 Green. Ev., 16th ed., p. 431; 4 Wig. Ev. §§ 2470-2474; 20 Cent. Dig. cc. 3071-3073.) The statements of the grantors made while negotiating the sale respecting the location of the boundaries and corners were competent as tending to identify the property they intended to convey and to aid in the interpretation of the uncertain description in the deed. Evidence of this character was offered and excluded. This ruling was erroneous.
The defendants also offered testimony to prove that. after the deed to the plaintiff had been executed, and while both parties were in possession and claiming under their respective deeds, they agreed by parol that the boundary-line between their respective properties should be the fence so extending north and south from the west end of the house before referred to. This: -testimony was also excluded. In Steinhilber v. Holmes, 68 Kan. 607, it was held:
“The owners of adjoining tracts of land may, by parol agreement, settle and permanently establish a boundary-line between their lands, which, when followed by possession according to the line so agreed upon, will be binding upon the parties and their grantees. Such an agreement, followed by possession, is: not obnoxious to the statute of frauds.” (Syllabus.)
The evidence shows that at the time referred to in this offer the lot lines in block 4 and other blocks were
For the errors referred to, which appear to have been material, the judgment is reversed and the cause is remanded for further proceedings.