76 Mo. 217 | Mo. | 1882
This suit is for the recovery of damages for the destruction of plaintiff’s timothy, orchard grass, etc., alleged to have been occasioned by the negligent and careless manner in which defendant managed a locomotive passing over its road, whereby sparks of fire were permitted to escape therefrom, which set fire to said timothy, etc. Plaintiff obtained a judgment, from which defendant prosecutes this appeal.
The petition contained six counts, four of which are based upon the alleged burning, and two were for killing stock; and, being compelled to make an election on which of said counts he would go to trial, plaintiff elected to proceed on the fourth, fifth and sixth. The fourth is as follows : “ Plaintiff further states that on the 10th day of December, 1876, while defendant, by its agents and employes, was propelling along and over its said railroad a certain other locomotive engine, where the right of way of said railroad extends along, through and adjoining a farm owned and cultivated by plaintiff, said defendant so carelessly and negligently ran and managed said locomotivé engine, to-wit: the locomotive engine attached to and .drawing the passenger train going east on said road, that sparks and fire were permitted to escape therefrom into
We have no occasion to notice the fifth and sixth counts, inasmuch as appellant in the brief makes no complaint of any action of the court with respect to the trial of the issues made on them.
On the margin of the petition at the commencement, the venue is alleged as follows :
“ State oe Missouri, 1 County of Pettis, ss.
In the Bettis County Circuit Court.”
The evidence for plaintiff tended to prove that immediately after the train passed over that portion of the road in question, the grass on defendant’s right of way was discovered to be on fire, and it burned until it reached the field of one Norton, adjoining the right of way, and from that field passed into plaintiff’s premises. The fire orig. inated west of plaintiff’s land, at a place on the right of way on which the grass had been left for a distance of 200 feet. A strong southwest wind was blowing at the time, and the communication of the fire to plaintiff’s property destroyed, was caused by the dry grass on the right of way in Norton’s field and in plaintiff’s premises together with the wind.
For defendant the evidence tended to prove that the most approved spark-arrester and machinery were in use on the locomotive in question, and that those in charge of the train were careful and skillful in the business in which they were respectively engaged. As to the origin of the
At the close of the evidence, defendant asked fifteen instructions, all of which were refused, and we refrain from 3. practice. embodying them literally in this opinion, on. account of the space they would occupy. One or two would have been sufficient to present every question involved in the case; and the practice of encumbering the-record with instructions which are but repetitions of each other, cannot be too strongly condemned. They not only confuse juries, when given, but impose unnecessary labor' both on the trial court and this court, and a reform in this practice is very much needed.
The first, second, fourth, fifth and ninth were to the effect that under the pleading and evidence plaintiff’ could not recover. They were based upon the alleged insufficiency of the petition, and having already disposed of that question, nothing more on the subject need be said.
The seventh instruction is as follows:
“ The court instructs the jury that two things must concur in this case to entitle plaintiff to recover:
(1) Negligence on the part of the defendant.
(2) That there was no contributory negligence on the part of the plaintiff.
And further,that the law presumes that the defendant while in the exercise of its lawful right to run its locomotives and trains over its railroad, and to use fire in so doing, was not guilty of negligence in permitting fire to escape from its locomotives; and that in this case the simple fact that fire did escape and destroy plaintiff’s.*222 property, if the defendant was using good machinery and the most approved appliances to prevent the escape of fire, and had careful and competent men in charge" thereof, is not sufficient to entitle the plaintiff to recover.
And further, that if you find from the evidence that dry grass, weeds and other combustible matter were allowed to remain on defendant’s right of way, to which the fire was communicated, (and that the fire was caused by a stong wind and could not have gone there of itself, or in any other way,) thence to dry grass, weeds or other combustible matter which the plaintiff had allowed to accumulate and remain on his own land, and thus the fire was communicated to plaintiff’s property and it was destroyed, then plaintiff was guilty of such contributory negligence as to prevent him from recovery in this case, and the jury must find for the defendant.”
Besides, this entire paragraph was embodied in an instruction given by the court of its own motion.
“And further, that if the jury find from the evidence in this case that dry grass, weeds or other combustible*223 matter were allowed to remain on defendant’s right of way opposite to Norton’s land, which adjoined plaintiff’s land on the west, and to which said fire was communicated, and that said fire was caused by a strong wind which was blowing in that direction at the time on to the land of Norton, and that but for said wind the fire could not have gotten on his said land when it ignited dry grass and other combustible matter which had been allowed to accumulate and remain on Norton’s land, and that the fire was by the agency of said wind, and said dry grass, etc., on Norton’s land, carried thence to the plaintiff’s land, where he had suffered dry grass and other combustible matt'er to accumulate and remain, and that plaintiff knew or might have known, by the exercise of ordinary care, of the existence of such grass and combustible matter, on both Norton’s land and his own; and that in this manner the fire was communicated to plaintiff’s property and it was destroyed; the plaintiff was himself guilty of such contributory negligence as to prevent him from recovering in this case, and the jury must find for the defendant.”
It is sufficient, however, to say, that the court gave it, and it was more favorable to defendant than it had a right to demand.
The eleventh contains the same vice as the eighth, and
The first paragraph of the twelfth is identical m substance with the first paragraph of the eleventh, and the second paragraph is based upon a state of facts of which there was no evidence whatever.
The thirteenth is also predicated of a state of facts of which there was no evidence. No witness testified that the fire could not have been communicated to plaintiff’s land except through the sole agency of a high wind. One witness did testify that the dry grass on the right of way would not have ignited from, falling sparks or cinders unless a high wind were prevailing, but, if through their negligence dry grass were left on the right of way, which in a high wind, sparks of fire falling from the locomotive, would ignite, the company is not relieved of liability to adjoining proprietors who are injured by the communication of such fire to their premises in an ordinary way. If the high wind had carried the sparks a great distance and directly communicated fire to plaintiff’s property, the instructions on that subject asked and refused, would, at least, have been applicable to the facts.
By the fourteenth instruction defendant asked the court to declare that the evidence offered by defendant, that the grass on the right of way, at the place in question, would not burn, and could not be burned, and that defendant tried to burn it in the fall, and could not, being uncontradicted and unimpeached, and there being no conflicting, evidence as to the point, then the fact that said grass remained there was not negligence. The court could not have given that instruction without ignoring the positive proof that the grass did ignite. Whether it could have been burned in the fall or not, it did burn in the following December.
This cause was tried in the circuit court, before the publication of the opinion of this court in Kenney v. Hann.