delivered the opinion of the Court.
Thе appeal in this case is from: a decree of the Circuit Court for Frederick County, sitting in equity, dated the 25th day of February, 1922, dissolving a preliminary injunction which had been previously granted and dismissing the plaintiff’s bill of complaint.
*53 The object and purpose of the proceeding was to invokе and obtain the: aid of a court of equity, by way of injunction, to impound, for the benefit of .the plaintiff, certain money in the hands of the sheriff of Frеderick County, and in the hands of a justice of the peace of that county, which is alleged to be the property of the plaintiff.
The bill in substance alleges that the plaintiff is ,a. corporation, duly chartered and organized under the laws of the State of Maryland, and that as such it owns a distillery, and bonded and free warehouses, located near Burkittsville, Frederick County, which had 2,400 cases of whiskey therein at the time of thе larceny mentioned in the. bill, that the defendr ants, William Martin and Nettie Martin, his wife, feloniously did steal, take, and carry away 1,200 cases of this whiskey, and did unlаwfully convert the same or part thereof into cash.
The hill further alleges, that the defendants, William and Nettie Martin, were arrested, chargеd with the larceny of the whiskey, and brought to the jail at Frederick, Maryland, where William Martin is now confined, and that Nettie Mar-fin has been releasеd on bail, and, as security for her further appearance, 'deposited the sum of two thousand dollars in cash with J. Grahame Johnson, a justicе of the peace for Frederick County, also one of the defendants in the case; that William Martin, at the time of his apprehensiоn and arrest, had with him the sum of four thousand dollars, which the defendant, William: O. Wertenbaker, sheriff of Frederick Oounty, Maryland, ¡has placed in the custody оf the Frederick Town Savings Institution, Frederick, Maryland; that the sum of four thousand dollars, in the hands of the sheriff of Frederick County, and the sum of two thousand dollаrs, cash bail deposited with J. Grahame J ohnson, justice of the peace, represent the proceeds, from the unlawful sale and wrongful conversion of the whiskey, sk> feloniously stolen and taken by the defendants, William Martin and Nettie Martin, his wife.
The hill then avers that the sums of money mentionеd, being in the hands of public officials, cannot he attached or *54 otherwise seized under legal process, and the plaintiff is without adequate remedy, except through the aid of a court of equity, and that the sum of money, arising out of the unlawful sale of the plaintiff’s property, rightfully bеlongs to the plaintiff .and should be impounded for its benefit, to satisfy its claim; that unless the plaintiff is granted this measure of relief, it will be left entirely without redress in the domestic tribunal against the defendants, although they have assets within the jurisdiction which, in equity and good conscience, should be delivered to the plaintiff.
The bill .also avers that William Martin and Nettie Martin, his wife, are insolvent, are not citizens of the State of Maryland, and they have no property or assets; save- and except those herein mentioned, out of which your orator could realize a judgment obtained against them, and they are bootleggers, and notorious characters, who, once they are permitted to have possession of the funds, will abscond with and dissipate the same to the irreparable financial loss and injury of tbe plaintiff.
The prayer of the bill, is: (1) That plaintiff’s rights be declared and enforced in the premises. (2) That the sums of money, referred to in the bill of complaint,, be impounded for the benefit of the plаintiff. (3) That the defendants, and each of .them, their agents, attorneys, representatives and assigns be prohibited from using, spending, paying out, recеiving, hypothecating, assigning or otherwise disposing of said sums of money, until the further order of the Court, in the premises, .and (4) That the plaintiff have such othеr and further relief, as the nature of the case may require.
The defendants demurred .to so ranch of the bill as sought injunctive relief, and to the jurisdiсtion of the court, and, by answer, denied the material allegations of the bill.
Upon -this state of facts, the court below held that, inasmuch as thе money in question was in the hands of public officials and thus was in tbe custody of the law, it could not be reached by a separate proсeeding, as was sought in this case.
*55 The general rule of law applicable to the facts of the ease will bo found settled by a long line of well considered cases in this State, as well as in other jurisdictions.
In
Cromwell et al.
v.
Owings,
7 H. & J. 61, it is said: “'But it does not depend upon the question, whether the property was wrоngfully taken or not, which can only be determined at the trial, but whether it was in the custody of the law or not; and that once established, the possеssion cannot be disturbed, but the party injured is left to seek his remedy by an action of trespass or trover, or to wait until the goods are sold, and thеn to regain his possession by a writ of replevin against the purchaser, in whose hands they cease to be in tbe custody of the law.” See
Farmers Bank
v. Beaston, 7 G. & J. 421;
Buckey
v.
Snouffer,
The reason of the- rule, as stated by the courts, is that when a court acquires jurisdiction of goods-, -chattels, or money, in one case, the оrderly process of the court requires that it shall be permitted to determine- the rights of the parties- in that case without the interference or interruption of a conflicting jurisdiction o-r of a separate- and distinct action or proceeding.
The doctrine of non-interference, to prevent conflict of authority of jurisdiction, which is established in cases of civil practice, it will be seen, is also- applicable to- criminal cases, and the procedure thereunder.
In
Holker
v.
Hennessey,
We, therefore; concur in the conclusion reached by the court below, that where money is lawfully takеn from a prisoner by the shei'iff at the time of his arrest, it is in custodia legis, and subject to the order of the court having criminal jurisdiction of the offense, and that neither by attachment proceeding nor by injunction should the criminal court’s power of disposition of the money be taken away or interfered with.
For the reasons stated, we think the prayer of the plaintiff’s bill, in this case, was properly denied as to both funds, and the court below committed no error in dissolving the preliminary injunction and dismissing the plaintiff’s bill. It follows, therefore, that the decree of the Circuit Court for Frederick County, dated the 25th of February, 1922, will be affirmed.
Eecree affirmed, with costs.