This сause is in this court on an appeal on questions of law from the Court of Common Pleas of Jackson County.
On August 10, 1960, sometime after 10 p. m., plaintiff, appellee herein, was riding as a passenger in a 1956 Chevrolet automobile which was being driven by Gene Eldon Ridgeway in a northerly direction on Bridge Street in the city оf Jackson. At that time and place a 1960 Studebaker automobile was being driven in a southerly direction on Bridge Street. The driver of the latter automobile made a left turn at the intersection of Bridge and Main Streets on a green or “go” signal of a traffic device erected at that intersection. The turn was made in front of the vehicle in which plaintiff was a passenger. A collision occurred. Ridgeway and plaintiff were alleged to be injured. Plaintiff filed the present suit for damages for his alleged injury. On the trial of the cause, the court held that the driver of the Studebaker automobile was negligent as a mattеr of law and submitted the case to the jury only on the question of damages to plaintiff.
The petition alleges that Lisbeth Ann Needham, a minor of the age оf 16 years, was the driver of the Studebaker.
A verdict for $10,000 was returned for plaintiff, and defendants, feeling aggrieved, filed their notice of appeal and assigned the following errors:
1. That the court erred in the admission and rejection of evidence.
2. That the court erred in failing to sustain defendants’ motion for a mistrial.
3. That the court erred in holding that the defendants were guilty of negligence as a matter of law and in wrongfully applying the doctrine of estoppеl or res judicata.
4. That the court erred in its general instructions to the .jury.
5. That the court erred in failing to submit to the jury a verdict for the defendants although requested to do so.
6. Thаt the court erred in overruling defendants’ motion for a directed verdict.
7. That the court erred in overruling defendants’ motion for a new trial..
9. Other errors apparent upon the face of the record.
A companion case arose out of the same accident, wherein Genе Eldon Eidgeway was plaintiff and Lisbeth Ann Needham, Ann D. Needham, Pat Jones, Viola Jones, Nancy Poster and Ealph Poster were defendants. It bore case No. 17005 in the Court of Common Pleas, Jackson County. Case No. 17005 has been tried, a verdict rendered for plaintiff and the judgment paid. The jury in case No. 17005, in responsе to an interrogatory propounded to it, found that Lisbeth Ann Needham was the driver of the Studebaker automobile.
In the trial of the present case the trial court advised counsel that the identity of the driver of the Studebaker automobile had already been established in case No. 17005, and that this finding was binding on dеfendants in the present action. Counsel for defendants attempted to prove that Nancy Poster Davis was the driver of the automobile at the time of the accident. Counsel for plaintiff objected to the question as to who was driving the Studebaker automobile at the time of the accident. Thе objection was sustained. The trial court then stated in part: “Counsel and I have talked about this matter and I have indicated that I feel on the question of the estoppel basis that this fact or issue has been determined and should not be raised in this case as an issue.”
The answer was prof erred: “If she werе permitted to answer this particular question, she would answer it thus: that Nancy Poster Davis was driving this particular car involved in this particular accident at the time of the collision.” It should be noted that the court previously had permitted plaintiff to develop the fact that Lisbeth Ann Needham was the driver of the Studebaker.
The question is thus squarely presented: Are defendants bound in case No. 17006 — this present case — by a finding of fact by the jury in case No. 17005, in response tо an interrogatory, that the driver of the Studebaker automobile was Lisbeth Ann Needham.
It is urged by plaintiff that the doctrine of collateral estoppel applies and that defendants, appellants herein, are bound
The salient fact to be remembered is that Gene Eldon Ridge-way was plaintiff in case No. 17005 and Larry Oney is plaintiff in case No. 17006. Lisbeth Aim Needhаm, Ann D. Needham, Pat Jones, Viola Jones, Nancy Poster and Ralph Poster are the defendants in case No. 17006 and also were the defendants in case No. 17005. At the time of trial all the defendants in case No. 17006 were dismissed except Lisbeth Ann Needham and Ann D. Needham.
We think that the trial court committed prejudicial error in denying the right to defendants to introduce evidence as to the identity of the driver of the Studebaker automobile involved in the accident. This is nоt a proper case in which to apply the doctrine of collateral estoppel for two reasons: One, the plaintiff, the party rеlying on the estoppel, did not allege and prove that the judgment in case No. 17005 necessarily determined the identical issue between the same рarties or their privies.
First National Bank of Cincinnati
v.
Berkshire Life Ins. Co.,
The failure of plaintiff to amend his pleadings so as to allege the doсtrine of collateral estoppel if he intended to rely on such doctrine resulted in a failure of proof, and the verdict should have been directed against him.
Morgenstern
v.
Austin,
Another error complained of is that the trial court did not charge on burden of proof. This is an error of omission to
Another claimed error is that the court erred in not declaring a mistrial after a witness answered a question in the following manner:
“Q. What other doctors have you seen as a result of this injury which you incurred in this accident1? A. I seen Dr. Lacey and I seen two doctors from the insurance company, I don’t remember their names—
“Mr. Martin: Object.
“Mr. Martin: I move for dismissal of the jury and declaration of a mistrial.
“By the court: Overruled.”
It is not every causal оr inadvertent reference to insurance in the course of the trial that will necessitate a new trial, and, if a question asked in good faith elicits an аnswer from a witness relative to insurance, there is no misconduct warranting the termination of the trial.
Where the question by counsel or the statement by a witness is indefinite and only by conjecture could it be said to have anything to do with the defendant’s insurance it is not improper, as where the reference tо insurance leaves in doubt what kind of insurance or whose insurance is referred to. 88 Corpus Juris Secundum 140, Trial, Section 53.
Appellants feel aggrieved that the court, having directed a verdict for plaintiff as far as the liability of the defendants was concerned, only submitted one form of verdict which was for plaintiff. This was not error under the circumstances.
Haines
v.
Cleveland Ry. Co.,
We find no other errors in the trial of the case. The judgment of the trial court is reversed, and the cause is remanded to the trial court for further proceedings according to law.
Judgment reversed.