228 S.W. 927 | Tex. Comm'n App. | 1921
This was a suit by William Olsen against William Grelle and others, for the partition of the Joseph T. Bell survey in Hamilton county, containing 320 acres. Plaintiff claimed to be the owner of one-half undivided interest. The defendants set up title in themselves, and among other pleas invoked the statute of limitations of three, five, and ten years. The case was tried before the court without a jury, and judgment was rendered for the defendants; the judgment reciting that the defendants established their pleas of limitations under the five and ten year statutes. The Court of Civil Appeals affirmed this judgment, holding that the evidence sufficiently established title under the five-year statute. 190 S. W. 240. The correctness of this holding by the Court of Civil Appeals is assailed, upon the contention that the evidence was insufficient under the five-year statute upon two grounds; First, because the defendants were cotenants of plaintiff, and no notice of their adverse holding had been brought home to plaintiff; and, second, because defendants, in order to defeat plaintiff’s title, would, in the absence of the five-year statute, have to deraign title through a forged deed.
In 1881 the title to the survey was vested in Dortie Olsen for life, with remainder to William Olsen, plaintiff, and Samuel Olsen. On May 17, 1881, Dortie Olsen, “acting for herself, and purporting to be acting as agent and attorney in fact for William Olsen under a power of attorney from him, conveyed the 320 acres to S. R. Thorpe and L. W. Campbell.” Six days later Samuel Olsen conveyed to Thorpe and Campbell a one-half undivided interest in the. survey. By mesne conveyance under these deeds 240 acres of the survey passed in 1888 in severalty to defendant William Grelle, and in the same year 80 acres passed in like manner to defendant J. T. Priddy. For more than ten years prior to the filing of the suit all the deeds under which Grelle and Priddy claimed had been duly of record, and they had each paid taxes and held such possession of the respective tracts as would meet the requirements of our limitation statutes. Dortie Olsen died about six or seven years before this suit was brought. William Olsen testified that he did not execute any power of attorney in favor of Dortie Olsen, and no evidence was offered showing that any power of attorney was ever executed.
“Except in one state, where one of several tenants in common executes a deed purporting to convey the entire premises to one who enters into possession thereof claiming title, or recording his conveyance, this will constitute a disseisin of the cotenants and after the expiration of the statutory periods of limitations their right to the land will be barred.”
In addition to the authorities cited by the Court of Civil Appeals upon this question, there is an extended note under the case of Lloyd v. Mills, 32 L. R. A. (N. S.) 702. See also 7 Ruling Case Law, pp. 854-856; Clymer v. Dawkins, 3 How. 674, 11 L. Ed. 778.
We think the Court of Civil Appeals correctly held that the possession of the defendants from the date of the death of Dortie Olsen amounted to an ouster and disseisin of William Olsen, and that limitation began to run against him from that date.
“Provided, that this article shall not apply to any one * * * who in the absence of this article would deraign title through a forged deed.”
It is clear, from the foregoing statement, that defendants, in order to establish title, in the absence of their claim of limitation under the five-year statute, would have to de-raign ■ title through the deed from Dortie Olsen, purporting to convey William Olsen’s half interest in the property, and that, if that deed had been executed under a valid power, their title would have been unassailable. The case, therefore, falls clearly within the quoted proviso of article 5674, unless the expression therein, “forged deed,” should be held not to embrace a deed executed under a “forged power of attorney.” Such construction would be narrow and technical, and not in accord with the spirit and purpose of the proviso, which purpose was no doubt that the five-year limitation period should not apply where invoked to perfect a title, regular on its face, but tainted with forgery. While ■ the deed of Dortie Olsen might not, under the rules of criminal law, be held to be forged, yet it depended for its validity upon a validly executed power, and, if that po.wer was forged, the deed itself was within the contemplation of the proviso tainted with forgery.
We conclude that the judgments of the district court and Court of Civil Appeals should be reversed, that plaintiffs, as against the defendants, should be decreed to have title to a one-half undivided interest in the land sued for, and that the cause should be remanded to the district court for the purpose of partition.
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