130 Neb. 823 | Neb. | 1936
This is an action at law to recover the purchase price of corn owned by the plaintiff and delivered to the defendant by a trucker, who collected the full purchase price from defendant, but did not pay the plaintiff, who is appellant in this court.
The plaintiff filed a petition in the county court alleging that prior to March 12, 1934, defendant agreed to purchase corn belonging to plaintiff at 40 cents.a bushel, and, in addition, the defendant was to pay two cents a bushel more for the trucking charges; that under this agreement 8431/4 bushels of corn were delivered to and accepted by the defendant on May 12 and 14, 1934, and that the amount due from the defendant to the plaintiff at 40 cents a bushel is $337.30; that no part of the same has been paid, and that said amount is now due, with interest from May 14, 1934. The plaintiff also alleges in his petition that the defendant has paid the trucker the charges of two cents a bushel for delivering the corn, but has failed and refused to pay the plaintiff 40 cents a bushel, as he agreed and promised to pay.
The defendant filed an answer in the county cdurt, denying every allegation in the petition, and alleging that on May 14 the defendant agreed with one George Worrell to purchase corn of him at an agreed price of 42 cents a bushel, delivered at the farm of the defendant; that said Worrell was then and there engaged in the business of buying and selling corn, and was the owner and operator of a motor truck; that Worrell delivered corn to the defendant
A trial was held in the county court of Wayne county, Nebraska, on July 20, 1934, and the court entered a judgment for the plaintiff and against the defendant in the sum of $341, with interest at 6 per cent, from July 20, 1934, and costs of suit. Thereupon, the defendant appealed to the district court, and the parties, by a written stipulation duly filed, agreed to try the case in the district court upon the same pleadings filed in the county court. A jury was impaneled in the district court, and at the conclusion of the evidence of the plaintiff the defendant moved for an instructed verdict on the ground that the evidence fails to sustain the plaintiff’s cause of action. Upon this motion the court ruled as follows: “The motion of the defendant is sustained and the jury so instructed, but the court states that the motion is sustained upon the theory that the petition is a declaration upon an express contract and that the evidence fails to support that cause of action; and the court further states that the evidence thus far does show that the truck driver in this transaction was the agent of neither party.” The plaintiff appeals to this court, setting up as the prejudicial error the above ruling of the district judge.
It will be necessary to briefly review the evidence to determine the question submitted to this court. Plaintiff testified that he had known the defendant for 20 years, and that he was engaged in the business of feeding stock; that
When the court dismisses the action at the close of the plaintiff’s case, this court will assume the existence of every material fact which the evidence of the plaintiff tends to establish, together with all proper inferences therefrom. Kimble v. Roeder, 115 Neb. 589, 214 N. W. 1; Zielinski v. Dolan, 127 Neb. 153, 254 N. W. 695.
The burden was, of course, upon the plaintiff to establish the essential elements of his cause of action, and plaintiff attempted to establish that Worrell was the agent of the defendant by testifying* to statements that Worrell had made to him. If the plaintiff had been able to produce the trucker, Worrell, on the witness-stand, such witness could have testified to facts and circumstances which might possibly have proved that he was the agent of the defendant, but the plaintiff’s evidence lacks much of establishing that the trucker was the agent of the defendant, empowered by the defendant to purchase the corn of the plaintiff for the defendant. It may be admitted, as plaintiff claims, that the plaintiff did not seek out the trucker to sell his corn for him, but this does not make the trucker the agent of the defendant.
It is stated as the general rule, in the notes in 8 A. L. R. 203, that an agent authorized to sell commodities has no implied authority to receive or collect payment therefor (Ketelman v. Chicago Brush Co., 65 Neb. 429, 91 N. W. 282), but this rule is subject to several well-recognized exceptions. It is established by a long line of authorities that an agent, having possession of commodities which he is authorized to sell, has implied authority to receive, or collect payment therefor. One of the earliest cases establishing this rule is that of Pickering v. Busk (1812) 15 East 38, 104 Eng. Rep. 758, wherein a broker sold hemp stored in a warehouse in his name for the benefit of an undisclosed principal, and it was held that a payment made to such broker bound the principal, although the agent proved unfaithful and did not account therefor to his employer.
“Where a principal has, by his voluntary act, placed an agent in such a situation that a person of ordinary prudence, conversant with business usages and the nature of the particular business, is justified in presuming that such agent has authority to collect sums due to the principal, the debtor will be protected in case he relies upon the appearances of authority. It is undeniable that an agent to whom merchandise has been entrusted with authority to sell and deliver it is authorized to receive the price.” 21 R. C. L. 867, sec. 42. This has been stated in another form by this court: “Ostensible authority to act as agent may be inferred if the party to be charged as principal affirmatively or intentionally, or by lack of ordinary care, causes or allows third persons to trust and act upon such apparent agency.” Holt v. Schneider, 57 Neb. 523, 77 N. W. 1086. See, also, Thomson v. Shelton, 49 Neb. 644, 68 N. W. 1055; Bliss v. Falke, 125 Neb. 400, 250 N. W. 250.
In the case at bar the plaintiff gave the trucker possession of the com knowing that it was being sold and delivered by the trucker to the defendant. Plaintiff made no inquiry of the defendant as to what the transaction was, although both parties had telephones on the same system. It was clearly the plaintiff who placed Worrell, the trucker, in a position such that an innocent purchaser of this corn had a right to assume that the trucker was authorized to sell and collect the purchase price of the corn, and while it is unfortunate that the plaintiff was deceived in the (confidence that he placed in the trucker, yet the law has many times been laid down: “Whenever one of two innocent persons must suffer by the acts of a third, he who has
We find this statement in a very early decision: “Where the owner of property (a span of mules) is induced 'by the fraud of another to part with it, an innocent purchaser from the party in possession will take a good title.” Homan v. Laboo, 2 Neb. 291.
We have carefully examined the record and, finding no prejudicial error therein, the judgment is hereby
Affirmed.