Odom v. State

94 So. 233 | Miss. | 1922

Anderson, J.,

delivered the opinion of the court.

Appellant, J. A. Odom, was indicted, convicted, and sentenced to the penitentiary on the charge of obtaining from Pagan-Peel Company, a corporation, money and goods of the value of five hundred and seventy-five dollars, by means of false pretenses, in violation of section 1166, Code of 1906 (section 893, Hemingway’s Code), from which judgment he prosecutes this appeal. The statute under which appellant was indicted follows:

“Every person who, with intent to cheat or defraud another, shall designedly, by color of any false token or writing, or by any other false pretense, obtain the signature of any person to any written instrument, or obtain from any person any money, personal property, or valuable thing, upon conviction thereof, shall be punished by imprisonment in the penitentiary not exceeding three years, or in the county jail not exceeding one year, and by fine not exceeding three times the value of the money, property, or thing obtained.”

The evidence for the state is to the effect that appellant obtained from Pagan-Peel Company five hundred and seventy-five dollars in goods and money, to secure the payment of which he gave' a deed of trust on a lot of oxen and log wagons Avhich he represented that he owned, and that on the faith of such representation Pagan-Peel Company parted with the money and property, and took said deed of trust; and that appellant knew at the time he did not own said oxen and log wagons. The evidence on behalf of appellant tended to show that when he got the five hundred and seventy-five in money and property from Pagan-Peel Company he intended to pay it back, and had paid a considerable portion of it when indicted. t, „

- The action of the court in overruling appellant’s demurrer to the indictment is assigned as error. The question raised by the demurrer is whether the indictment sufficiently charges that Fagan-Peel Company .were moved to part Avith the money and goods by the false representation. The clause of the indictment in question is in this language:

“By means and color of which said false pretense he, the said J. A. Odom, did then and there knowingly, designedly- and feloniously obtain of and from the said Fagan-Peel Company, corporation,” etc.

State v. Dodenhoff, 88 Miss. 277, 40 So. 641, is decisive of this question against appellant’s contention. The language of the indictment in question in that case is substantially the same as the clause of the indictment- in question here. The language of the indictment there involved follows:

“By means and color of which false and fraudulent pretenses the said Dodenhoff & Cottett did then and there fraudulently, falsely and feloniously obtain of the said J. J. Stevens, two thousand, four hundred dollars.”

The court in that case went thoroughly into the question, 'reviewing and analyzing the authorities in this state as well as elsewhere, and held the indictment sufficient. Appellant relies on State v. Freeman, 103 Miss. 764, 60 So. 774. There was no reference to the Dodenhoff case in the opinion in that case. The distinguishing feature between the two cases is that in the Freeman case the indictment failed to sufficiently charge that the false representation of the defendant as to his agency for the loan company was the moving cause of the prosecuting witness letting defendant have the ten dollars. The Dodenhoff case is well reasoned, and we think sound, and was not intended by the Freeman case to be either modified or overruled. We therefore hold that the court committed no error in overruling the demurrer to the indictment.

Appellant assigns as error the action of the court in giving an instruction for the state to the effect that, :eveu though appellant did not intend to defraud Fagan-Peel Company out of the five hundred and seventy-five dollars and had paid it back, still the jury should find him guilty if the evidence showed beyond a reasonable doubt that appellant made the false representation -charged, knowing to be false, and got the money and property in question as the result thereof. And appellant also assigns as error the action of the court in refusing an instruction requested' by him embodying the converse of the principle contained in said instruction granted the state. To sustain his contention appellant relies on Pittman v. State, 101 Miss. 553, 58 So. 532. The point is this: In a case of this character what does the language of the statute, “intent to cheat or defraud," refer to? Does it have reference to the false statement and the getting of the money or other valuable thing as the result thereof? Or has it reference to the repayment of the debt incurred? Putting it differently: In this character of case, does the state make out its case by showing the knowingly false representation, and the parting with money or other valuable thing in reliance thereon? Or does the state have to go further and show that the defendant did not intend to repay the debt incurred as the result of the false representation, as appellant contends? The Pittman case seems to sustain appellant’s position. However, if the ruling in that case is to be adhered^to, the purpose sought to be effected by our false pretense statute, will be very largely nullified. There are many cases from other states construing statutes ¿ike ours 'which hold that in a case of this character the crime is complete when the representation is shown to have been false, that defendant knew it to -be false, and that as the result thereof he obtained the money or other valuable thing in question, and that the intent to cheat or defraud referred to in the statute has no reference whatever to the question whether defendant intended to repay the debt. 11 R. C. L., p. 837, section 16; 26 C. J., section 31, pp. 602, 603; Id., section 38, p. 609; Id. section 47, p. 615. The authorities are collected in the notes to above references. In 25 C. J., section 47, p. 615, the principle is stated thus: ,

“On the principle that the injury is to the state, accused cannot plead that prosecutor has condoned the crimp and settled with- accused, unless the statute permits such a settlement. . It is no defense that the prosecutor has recovered, or could recover, for any loss he has sustained, or that accused has offered to pay for the property obtained, or has paid for it, or that he has offered to return, or has returned, the property obtained, or that the prosecutor has regained possession thereof, or that its loss has been made good to him, or that accused is able and willing to repay the money obtained, or intended at some future time to repay it.” •

We think the Pittman case mischievous in its results and it is therefore overruled. There are no other assignments of error of any apparent merit.

Affirmed.