OPINION
Paul Handy Nunley was tried for the crime of Murder in the First Degree, in violation of 21 O.S.1981, § 701.7, in Case No. CRF-79-2282, in the District Court of Oklahoma County before the Honorable Jack R. Parr. The appellant was represented by counsel. The jury returned a verdict of guilty of Murder in the Second Degree, and set punishment at life imprisonment. The trial court sentenced the appellant in accordance with the verdict. From this judgment and sentence, the aрpellant has appealed to this Court.
On June 10, 1979, Mrs. Mauldin and her three children left their home at approximately 9:00 p.m. to visit a neighbor. The decedent, husband of Mrs. Mauldin, remained home playing solitaire in the kitchen. On the way to the neighbor’s home, one of Mrs. Mauldin’s children noticed a car in front of their house. At trial, the daughter identified the appellant as the man she saw in-the car. At approximately 9:30 p.m., Mrs. Mauldin and her childrеn returned home. The decedent’s body was discovered on the kitchen floor in a prone position; the house had been ransacked. The coroner’s report revealed that the cause of Mr. Mаul-din’s death was manual strangulation.
The following day, Oklahoma City Police Officers’ Koonce and Harrison interviewed neighbors of the deceased, where it was learned that Mrs. Mauldin was having an affair with a neighbor, Lee Mclntre. On June 12, 1979, Mrs. Mauldin went to the police station pursuant to a request by Officer Koonce and confessed to her part in the scheme to kill her husband. She also implicated her paramour, Lee Melntrе and a black man. Mrs. Mauldin was able to give a description of the black man and the car that he drove, but she did not know his name.
Mrs. Mauldin told the police that she had wanted to kill her husband for a long time, and in fact, hаd tried to kill him twice. When those attempts failed, she contacted Mr. Mclntre about finding someone to kill her husband for money. Mr. Mclntre told the police in an unsigned confession that he contacted the appellant about the contract, and he gave the appellant Mrs. Mauldin’s phone number.
In Mrs. Mauldin’s confession, she stated that someone called her about the contract killing shortly before the homicide. She met with the caller, and they agreed that on Sunday, June 10,1979, between 9:00 p.m. and 9:30 p.m., Mrs. Mauldin and her children would be gone from the house, so the *1055 caller could kill her husband. Two days after Mrs. Mauldin’s confession, the appellant was arrested.
On appeal the appellant asserts several propositions of error concerning the war-rantless search of the house where he was staying and the seizure of an address bоok which was used against him at trial. We have reviewed each of these assertions and have found no errors.
Officer Koonce testified that Zephyr Rob-low gave her consent to search the house whеre the address book containing Deloris Mauldin’s name and number was discovered. The testimony indicated that Ms. Rob-low apparently paid the bills for the house and the appellant jointly occupied the house with her “off and on.” The appellant was staying at the house at the time of the warrantless search and claims on appeal that the search was unreasonable and the officer’s testimony regаrding Ms. Roblow’s consent was hearsay.
Initially, we will deal with the hearsay issue. It is the appellant’s position that both the testimony that Ms. Roblow gave consent to search and the search waiver form constitute hearsay. The trial judge overruled the appellant’s objection at trial and we agree with his decision.
The hearsay rule is only applicable when an out of court statement is offered to prove the truth of the matter asserted. When a statement is relevant simply because it was made, it is not hearsay and not excludable from testimony. In the case at bar, the officer merely testified to what he heard and observed when Ms. Roblow gave consent and signed the form. Both gave him authority to conduct a search. He was not seeking to prove the truth of her statements, and thus, his testimony was not hearsay.
Although the rule is that warrant-less searches are per se unreasonable, an exception to that rule is when the search is preceded by free and voluntary consent. See
Burkham
v.
State,
The appellant urges the seizure of the address book was unlawful. We disаgree. Once the officer was given Ms. Rob-low’s consent, he had a right to be in the bedroom where the address book was discovered in plain view. In
Abbott v. State,
The appellant also claims that no probable cause existed for his warrantless arrest and that 22 O.S.1981, § 196, Arrest Without Warrant by Officer, is unconstitutional. To support his argument that section 196 is
*1056
unconstitutional, the appellant relies on
Payton v. New York,
A review of thе evidence establishes that the police officer had probable cause to make the warrantless arrest of the appellant. It is this Court’s opinion that the arresting officer had trustworthy information sufficient to warrant a prudent man in believing the appellant had committed an offense. See
Beck v. Ohio,
We need not address the appellant’s proposition asserting that he confessed to the crime only after being confronted with the address book, allegedly the fruit of an illegal search, other than to state that we have alrеady established that the search was not illegal and the record indicates the confession was voluntarily given.
The appellant urges in his sixth proposition that reversible error occurred when the trial court failed to instruct the jury on first and second degree manslaughter. It is the position of this Court that jury instructions are left to the trial court’s discretion. As long as the instructions, when considered as a whole, fairly and accurately state the applicable law, we will not interfere.
Green v. State,
An instruction on manslaughter was not warranted by the facts of this case. The trial judge did not abuse his discretion in failing to give those instructions. Instead, he properly instructed on the lesser included offense of second degree murder.
The appellant’s seventh proposition alleges that 21 O.S.1981, § 701.8, Murder in the Second Degree, is unconstitutional as it shifts the burden of proof to the dеfendant to overcome the presumption that he is guilty. Statutes are presumptively constitutional and the challenging party bears the burden of proving otherwise. Hilliary v. State, supra. The appellant has not supported his allegation with sufficient argument to meet his burden of proof. Hence, this proposition is meritless.
The appellant complains that the information was defective in that it failed to apprise him of thе crime charged. All that is required by statute is that the information be a statement of the acts constituting the offense, in ordinary concise language, and in such a manner as to enable a person of common understanding to know what is intended. 22 O.S.1981, § 401. We have carefully examined the information in the case at bar and conclude that the information meets the statutory requirement.
The appellant and Deloris Maul-din were triеd together and on appeal the appellant claims the trial court erred in overruling his motion for severance. The rule is well-settled that, absent a showing of abuse of discretion, the trial court’s failure to grant a motion for severance will not be considered grounds for reversal of a conviction.
Gibson v. State,
As his final proposition, the appellant contends that the verdict is not supported by the evidence. In particular, it is alleged that the State failed to prove the cause of death beyond a reasonable doubt. We find no merit in this contention as the only expert witness presented on the cause of death was Dr. Chapman, the Medical Examiner, who stated that the cause of death was manual strangulation.
Accordingly, the judgment and sentence is Affirmed.