Nestle USA, Inc. v. Steuben Foods, Inc.Nestle USA, Inc. v. Steuben Foods, Inc.
Thomas Fisher, Oblon, McClelland, Maier & Neustadt, LLP, Alexandria, VA, argued for appellee. Also represented by Scott Anthony Mckeown; Charlie Avigliano, W. Cook Alciati, Steuben Foods, Inc., Jamaica, NY.
Before Reyna, Mayer, and Hughes, Circuit Judges.
Hughes, Circuit Judge.
Nestle USA, Inc. appeals from a final decision of the Patent Trial and Appeal Board finding that claims 18-20 of U.S. Patent No. 6,945,013 were not obvious in view of certain prior art. Because the Board erroneously construed the term “aseptic,” we vacate the Board‘s decision and remand for further proceedings.
I
Nestle petitioned the Patent Trial and Appeal Board for inter partes review (IPR) of claims 18-20 of U.S. Patent No. 6,945,013. The claims at issue cover “method[s] for automatically aseptically bottling aseptically sterilized foodstuffs,” where bottles are “aseptically disinfect[ed]” “at a rate greater than 100 bottles per minute,” and “aseptically fill[ed] ... with aseptically sterilized foodstuffs.”
The Board instituted IPR and construed the term “aseptic,” as used in claims 18-20, to mean “aseptic to any applicable United States FDA standard, and in the absence of any such standard, aseptic assumes its ordinary meaning of free or freed from pathogenic microorganisms.” J.A. 14. Based on that construction, and in light of the prior art references, the Board concluded that an ordinarily skilled artisan would not have attained the invention claimed in claims 18-20 with a reasonable expectation of success. Nestle timely appealed, and we have jurisdiction under
II
On appeal, Nestle argues that the Board‘s construction of “aseptic” is erroneous because it incorporates “any applicable United States FDA standard” rather than only FDA regulations governing “aseptic packaging.” We agree.
“Pursuant to Teva‘s framework and our review of Board determinations, we review the Board‘s ultimate claim constructions de novo and its underlying factual determinations involving extrinsic evidence for substantial evidence.” Microsoft Corp. v. Proxyconn, Inc., 789 F.3d 1292, 1297 (Fed. Cir. 2015). Where “the intrinsic record fully determines the proper construction,” our review is de novo. Id. In an IPR, the Board must construe terms according to their “broadest reasonable construction.” Cuozzo Speed Techs., LLC v. Lee, 136 S. Ct. 2131, 2144 (2016). Of course, “giving claims their broadest reasonable interpretation ... does not include giving claims a legally incorrect interpretation.” Proxyconn, 789 F.3d at 1298 (quoting In re Skvorecz, 580 F.3d 1262, 1267 (Fed. Cir. 2009)) (alteration in original).
The question then is the scope of the phrase “FDA level of aseptic.” See Markman v. Westview Instruments, Inc., 52 F.3d 967, 976 (Fed. Cir. 1995) (The purpose of claim construction is to “determine] the meaning and scope of the patent claims....“). According to Steuben Foods, “FDA level of aseptic” incorporates the full “panoply of FDA standards.” Appellee‘s Br. at 39 n.2. Similarly, the Board construed the phrase to incorporate “any applicable United States FDA standard.” J.A. 14. Both interpretations have the effect, according to their adherents, of requiring anything “aseptically” packaged to satisfy the regulatory requirement of
We disagree. Where the patentee wished to claim embodiments requiring less than 0.5 ppm of hydrogen peroxide residue, it did so using express language. See ‘013 patent col. 16 ll. 58-60 (“wherein a residual level of hydrogen peroxide is less than 0.5 PPM“). Moreover, the FDA‘s hydrogen peroxide residue standard applies to all foodstuffs, regardless of whether they are aseptically packaged. Accordingly, the scope of “aseptic” cannot include regulations that apply to foods that are not aseptically packaged. Instead, we confine an “FDA level of aseptic” to FDA regulations related to aseptic packaging. This approach is supported by the specification‘s explanation that the prior art systems failed to “provi[de] a high output aseptic filler that complies with the stringent United States FDA standards for labeling a packaged product as ‘aseptic.‘” ‘013 patent col. 1 ll. 64-67 (emphasis added).
Though the FDA does not define “aseptic” outright, at the time of the application, it defined “aseptic processing and packaging” as “the filling of a commercially sterilized cooled product into presterilized containers, followed by aseptic hermetical sealing, with a presterilized closure, in an atmosphere free of microorganisms.”
VACATED AND REMANDED