21 S.D. 537 | S.D. | 1908
This is an appeal by the defendant from an order vacating and setting aside the judgment and granting a new trial. It is disclosed by the record: That the case was tried to a jury at the January term, 1905, of the circuit court of Day county, and that at the conclusion of the evidence the court charged . the jury as follows: “The court is of the opinion that it will be proper in this case to submit to you special questions to be answered, instead of requiring you to render a general verdict.” That thereupon the court prepared certain questions for the jury which were submitted and answered by them, returned to the court, and the jury was thereupon discharged. That no general verdict was found or presented to the court on the return of the answeres to the special interrogatories. That the plaintiffs moved the court for a judgment on the verdict in their favor, and the defendant moved the court for a judgment in its favor. That these motions were held under advisement by the court until December, 1905, when it granted the defendant’s motion and denied the motion of the plaintiffs. That on the 19th day of December, 1905, plaintiffs served upon the defendant a notice of intention to move for a new trial, stating as grounds of their motion irregularity of the court and jury in returning answers to the special interrogatories and the failure of the jury to return a general verdict in connection therewith. That plaintiffs subsequently served upon the defendant an affidavit, setting out the proceedings of the court and the defendant served a counter affidavit. That said motion was heard on the 27th day of January, 1906, and that upon the hearing the defendant filed its protest and objections to the granting of said motion, stating, in substance, that the notice of intention to' move for a new trial on the part of the plaintiffs was first served upon the defendant’s attorney on the 19th day of December, 1905. That the said notice was not served within 20 days after the verdict of the jury. That neither the court nor judge thereof extended the time for serving said notice, and neither
It is contended by counsel for the plaintiffs in support of the order of the trial court vacating and setting aside the judgment and granting a new trial that there was, in fact, no trial of the action, for the reason that the jury was discharged before they had found a genera verdict or a special verdict determining all of the issues presented by the pleadings, but we are unable to agree with counsel’ in their contention. Section 270 of the Revised Code of Civil Procedure provides: “That a verdict of the jury . is either general or special: A general verdict is that by which they pronounce g-cnerally upon all or any of the issues, either in favor of the plaintiff or defendant, and a special verdict is that by which the jury finds the facts only leaving the judgment to the court. The special verdict must present the conclusions of fact as established by the evidence, and not the evidence to'prove them; and these conclusions of fact must be so presented as that nothing shall remain to the court but to draw from them conclusions of law:” It will be observed from the reading of these sections that only two verdicts are provided for — a special and a general verdict; there being in the case at bar no general verdict the questions submitted by the court which the jury were required to answer and which they did answer constituted a special verdict. The fact therefore, which seems to be admitted, that the special verdict found by the jury did not embrace all the issues made by the pleadings, did not render it any the less a special verdict, and the time for serving said notice of intention to move for a new
The object and purpose of section 306 was to- enable the court or judge to prevent a party prejudiced by the delay of the court or by reason of a mistake, inadvertence, surprise or excusable neglect of the party. As section 303 clearly includes a special, as well as a general verdict we are not at liberty to exclude a special verdict from the provisions of that section, and, although the delay of the action in deciding two motions in. effect prevented the plaintiffs from serving such notice of intention within twenty days after the verdict of the jury was returned, still the only remedy for such a case was by the extension of time within which such notice could be given by the court or judge or the fixing of a new time as provided in section 306.
The order made by the court granting a new trial was clearly unauthorized, and must therefore be reversed.
The order of the court below granting a new trial is reversed.