42 W. Va. 327 | W. Va. | 1896
In a chancery suit of Johnson, Sutton & Co. against G. W. Buffington & Co. certain judgments were adjudged to be liens on land of G. W. Buffington, and the lands were rented under decree in it, Buffington himself becoming renter; and he gave five notes for the rent, withD. R. Neal, W. J. Robb, and P. D. Neal sureties; and the Neals paid off the first bond, and judgments were had on the others, a part of one of which judgments was paid by said Neals, and the others yet remain unpaid. These sureties brought this suit against Buffington and others to compel Buffing-ton to pay the debt in exoneration of them, and to reimburse their payments, claiming the right to be subrogated to the liens against Buffington declared in the Johnson, Sutton & Co. case. A decree gave the plaintiffs relief by decreeing them repayment of what they paid, and Buffing-ton appeals.
One point made by appellant is that there was no replication to his answer, and on this point stress is laid. The decree says that the cause was heard on the answer of G. W. Buffington, Sr., and G. W. Buffington, Jr., “with general replication to each of said answers.” There is no more formal or prior entry of a replication, but this affirms that the court heard the case on an oral general replication, thus showing there was one. That is common practice and sufficient.
IJpon the demurrer and merits we must decide the material question whether plaintiffs can maintain this suit. It is contended that, as the sureties have not discharged the liability in full, they can not have subrogation to the liens decreed in the first suit. So the general rule is put in the books. Brandt, Sur. § 306; Sheld. Subr. § 127. A surety can not have a decree in his favor for the money, or compel the creditor to assign or cede or in any way detract from his securities until full payment. Till then he can not prejudice the creditor. But, when he pays part, he is substituted to the creditor’s lien to that extent, sub
But it is strenuously urged that, when Buffington’s land was rented, that satisfied the judgment, so that there is nothing for the sureties to be substituted to. For this Judge Johnson’s opinion in Rose v. Brown, 11 W. Va. 122, is cited, wherein he said that renting land was as much enforcing the liens of judgments as if sales were directed. Certainly. There are two modes of enforcing judgments against land, by sale and rental. If a man’s land be sold or rented to third parties, whether the money be realized therefrom or not, he may say his liability is paid. But how if he himself purchases or rents? Can he say to his sureties for the rent or purchase money’, “You pay it; but you can not come back on me or my property, because the renting or sale satisfied the liens?” Here Buffington rented and promised to pay the money to discharge these very judgments, but failed to do so. Surely he can not, in equity, say to sureties who have furnished the money to pay the debts he agreed to pay that the renting satisfied
The appellant complains of the character of the decree. Having the debtor, the creditor, and the sureties parties, the decree should have said how much remained unpaid to the creditor (Casto, commissioner) on the rent bonds, and how much was to be paid to the sureties to repay what they had paid, and thus have told Buffington just how much his land was to raise, and should have given priority for balance due Casto over the plaintiffs’ claim. The decree simply decrees a certain sum to reimburse the sureties the'part of the rent debt they paid. As Casto is not complaining, the failure to give him priority may not be reversible error. But the vice of the decree, of which Buf-fington can complain, is that it does not fix any sum for balance due Casto, decreeing neither for nor against the existence of anything due him, when the record shows a large balance. It does not adjudicate and fix the rights of the parties as legally resulting upon the facts in the record. Where there are different sums existing as liens, the decree must ascertain them, and their amounts and priorities— plainly do so. McClaskey v. O’Brien, 16 W. Va. 791 (point 12); Marling v. Robrecht, 13 W. Va. 440. Buffington asks a reversal for this matter. We can not deny that there is error in this, on any theory I see, but by saying that, as the whole matter was before the court, and it having decreed a certain sum to the plaintiff', neither they, as sureties, nor Casto, have any rights as to any balance as against Buffington, the decree precluding further claim; but such
Complaint is made that a reference to a commissioner was made to let the plaintiff prove his case. References entailing costs are often made improperly. Bart. Ch. Prac. 129; Watkins v. Young, 31 Gratt. 94. In Livey v. Winton, 30 W. Va. 554 (4 S. E. 451) the rule is stated that “it is improper to order an account merely to establish by testimony the allegations of the bill.” Has this rule been violated in this case? The bill charged, and the answer did not deny, the suretyship of the plaintiffs for Buffington, afid it only remained to know how much had been paid, who paid it, and what was unpaid of the rent debt, and the reference was to ascertain these matters. One payment by the sureties was alleged, and not denied. Another was developed before the commissioner not charged in the bill, but it was immaterial to Buffington whether its amount be charged as paid by plaintiffs or yet due to Casto. It involved calculation. It was matter of account. The basis of the account, except as to this second payment, thus appeared, and needed no proof, So we can not say it was referi’ed
The appellant presents the point that a convention of liens should have been had; but this was simply a suit to compel Buffington to pay a debt under rental notes to pay liens already convened in the old suit. Casto had judgment liens on some of the notes; but his rights and the rights of the sureties antedate these judgments, springing from the prior ones ascertained in the Johnson, Sutton § Co. Case.
The appellant says his answer traversed material allegations of the bill. I do not see it so. It admitted that the Neals and Robb had signed the rent notes as surety, and that he bid off the property as renter at the renting; but he says that, under a written contract, these sureties were to rent, or by later agreement were to pay the rent notes. This is not a direct traverse of the bill, but new matter in confession and avoidance of the matter of the bill, denied by the general replication, and resting on Buffington to make out, and he took not a step to do so.
Modified and affirmed.