24 Wend. 374 | N.Y. Sup. Ct. | 1840
After advisement the following opinions were delivered :
If the recovery turns upon the question, whether the addition was made in the margin as a private memorandum, or was intended as an alteration of the body of the note, a new trial must be granted ; for upon the case before us the point is equivocal, and should have been put to the jury. The distinction was not taken by the learned judge, and the ruling seems to go the length of sustaining the action in either aspect.
But upon further consideration, I am inclined to think when the courts use the language that the note is payable generally and universally, though the place of payment be fixed, they only mean to say that it is so to be regarded for the purposes of the remedy, and that payment must still be made at the place ; and a tender elsewhere is no bar. I have found no authority beyond this ; and on speaking of the right of discharge by tender, the language used limits it to the place designated. There are some authorities also which confirm this view. In Cowie v. Halsall, 4 Barn. & Ald. 197, the acceptance was general, and the drawer without the consent of the acceptor added, “ payable at Mrs. B’s, Chiswell street”—the court held the alteration material, and discharged the acceptor. It should be remarked, however, that this case is not an authority in point, because at that time a special acceptance in England was material, and the holder was bound to prove presentment at the place, to charge even the acceptor. That question had been settled the year before in the famous case of Row v. Young, 2 Ball. & Beat. 165. But this latter ease produced a change of the law by act of parliament, 1 and 2 Geo. 4 ch. 78, by which it is declared, that an acceptance, payable at a particular place, is a general acceptance, unless [ *378 ] expressed to be payable there only. The question decided *in Cowie v. Halsall, came up again (after the act) in M’Intosh v. Haydon, 1 Ry. & Mood. 362. The counsel for the plaintiff took distinctly
I am of opinion therefore that a new trial must be granted.
That the addition of a place of payment, made after an endorsemant without the assent of the endorser, will discharge him, was set - tied by Woodworth v. The Bank of America, 19 Johns. R. 391, 418 to 422. But it is thought it has not the same effect as to the maker, because he is liable generally and universally on a special promise to pay at a particular place, as if none had been mentioned. To say that where a man contracts to pay at a particular place, he is under no obligation to regard that place,is certainly, it seems to me, going very far towards framing a new contract for the parties. But take it to be no more than a general promise to pay without place, it then stands on the ‘footing of a bill ac- [ *379 ] cepted payable at a particular place, since the statute 1 and 2 Geo. IV. This expressly declares such an acceptance not special but general. Vid. Chit. on Bills, 172, Am. ed. of 1839. Yet all the authorities since that statute concur, that inserting a place of payment without the acceptor’s consent discharges him. Id. 204. The following cases are directly in point: M’Intosh v. Hayden, Ry. & Mood. N. P. Cas. 362, before Abbott, Ch. J.; Taylor v. Moseley, 6 Carr. & Payne, 273, before Lord Lyndhurst, Ch. B.; Desbrow v. Wetherby, id. 758, before Tindal, Ch. J.; 1 Mood. & Robins, 438, S. C., by the title of Desbrowe v. Wetherby; Sparkes v. Spur, Chit. Stamp Laws, 26, note; Chit. on Bills, 204, ed. before cited, note (a.) This case was first heard before Abbott, Ch. J"., who nonsuited the plaintiff on the ground of the alteration. A motion being made tq set aside the nonsuit, all the judges were against the motion on the
I am in favor of a new trial.
New trial granted.