78 So. 834 | Ala. | 1918
The suit was against the National Surety Company for the breach of the condition of an injunction bond made by the defendant as surety for Henry L. Doherty Co., a partnership composed of Henry L. Doherty and Frank B. Frueauff.
During the year 1910, Doherty Co. owned an electric light and power plant in Montgomery, and made a contract with Alex Rice to purchase a controlling amount of stock in the electric light and power plant owned and controlled by said Rice, with stipulation to make payment for the same on or before the 15th day of June, of that year. On the 16th day of June, 1910, said Doherty and Frueauff, as partners in trade under the name of Henry L. Doherty Co., filed their bill in the United States court for the Middle district of Alabama, on the equity side of said court, for specific performance of said contract of sale made with them by said Rice, and for an injunction. A temporary writ was granted by the Honorable United States District Judge in said cause, on the date of the filing of the petition therefor, restraining Rice from transferring, assigning, selling, or disposing of any stock owned or controlled by him in either the Citizens' Light, Heat Power Company, or the Citizens' Light Power Company, and from voting any such stock, and from transferring, assigning, disposing of, or voting any trustee's certificate issued on account of said stock and owned or controlled by him, and restraining the said Citizens' Light, Heat Power Company and the Citizens' Light Power Company, and each of them, from permitting to be assigned upon the books of the said corporations or of either of them, any of the stock of said corporations, or of either of them, or any trustee's certificates owned or controlled by the said defendant Rice.
On the 18th day of June, 1910, said complainants *458 exhibited their supplemental bill, alleging that Richard Tillis had on the 17th day of June purchased of the said Rice all of the stock owned or controlled by him in the said power company, and averring it to be the identical stock which said Rice had contracted to sell complainants, and alleging that Tillis, at the time of the purchase from Rice of the stock in question, had notice that Rice had contracted to sell and deliver the same to complainants. It is further averred in the supplemental bill that complainants had an equitable right and title to said stock by reason of their contract for its purchase; that such sale, or pretended sale or conveyance, by Rice to Tillis, of his stock, was of no effect as to the property rights theretofore acquired therein by complainants. This supplemental bill alleged the filing of the original bill and the issuance on the 16th day of June of the temporary writ of injunction or restraining order, directed to Alex Rice, the Citizens' Light, Heat Power Company, and the Citizens' Light Power Company, defendants in the original bill, enjoining and restraining them as we have above set out. The prayer of the supplemental bill is that Richard Tillis be made a party defendant; that he and defendants in the original bill be required to plead, answer, or demur to the original and supplemental bills; that said sale or pretended sale or conveyance of said stock be vacated and annulled; that said Tillis be compelled to sell and deliver up said stock to the complainants under the terms and conditions of said contract or agreement alleged to have been made by complainants with Rice; and that "meantime the said Tillis, his agents, and attorneys, and any and all persons and parties claiming or pretending to claim from or through him, the said Tillis, be enjoined and restrained from voting, selling, transferring assigning, or pledging, or from attempting to vote, sell, transfer, assign, or pledge or dispose of the said stock or any part thereof, and that the status of said stock be preserved and maintained so that the same may be forthcoming and delivered to your orators on a final hearing of this cause pursuant to such decree as may be therein rendered."
Thereafter, to wit, on August 8, 1910, said Doherty and Frueauff, partners in trade, etc., styled as complainants in the original and supplemental bills theretofore filed in said court, by leave of the court, amended the supplemental bill, alleging the sale by Rice to them of the stock in question, adding other parties respondent, averring more in detail the several transactions relating to said stock on the part of Rice with complainants and with Tillis and the other respondents, making the new parties respondent parties to the original and supplemental bills theretofore filed. This amendment contained an appropriate prayer for compelling Rice to execute his contract of sale with complainants, and that Tillis be required to surrender the stock or certificates evidencing the sale of the same to him by Rice, and which Rice had previously contracted to sell to complainants — that the status of said property be restored as it existed at the time Tillis acquired said stock. It contained appropriate prayer for injunction against Tillis, Citizens' Light, Heat Power Company, and Citizens' Light Power Company, to prevent them or either of them from selling, transferring, assigning, pledging, hypothecating, or voting said stock, etc. There was a further prayer for the appointment of a receiver with power and authority to take possession of, operate, and control the plant and properties of the Citizens' Light, Heat Power Company, under directions of the court. To this amended supplemental bill there was annexed, as an exhibit, the contract appearing to have been entered into by Alex Rice and Richard Tillis on the 16th day of June, 1910, relative to the purchase of the stock in question.
At the time of the filing of this amendment to the supplemental bill on August 8th, the order and decree of the court was that the petition and motion was granted, "without prejudice to the restraining orders, or any of them heretofore issued in said cause." Pursuant to this order, on August 12, 1910, Henry L. Doherty Co., as principals, and National Surety Company, as surety, gave to Alex Rice, Citizens' Light, Heat Power Company, and Citizens' Light Power Company, and Richard Tillis, defendants in the original bill and first supplemental bill, a bond in the penal sum of $2,000, conditioned on the order of the judge of the District Court enjoining the said defendants, their and each of their agents, officers, attorneys, and employés, from selling, assigning, pledging, disposing of, or parting with the possession of, and from voting, any of the stock or any of the trustee's certificates which were owned and controlled by the said Alex Rice at the time of the making of the contract with him and the complainants in the original bill set forth, or any stock or trustee's certificates issued in lieu thereof, pending the final hearing of this cause; the obligors therein agreeing to pay to the said defendants named in said bond "all such costs or damages as they or either of them may sustain by reason of the issuance of said order, if it shall appear that said order was wrongfully made," etc. The writ of injunction issued in pursuance of this order and bond. On the 11th day of January, 1915, on the petition of Doherty and Frueauff, as partners, etc., praying that "the bill will stand dismissed without prejudice," the court granted the prayer and motion of petitioners and dismissed their bill in said cause "without prejudice at the cost of the complainants."
On the trial of the instant case plaintiffs introduced the files of the United States District Court in equity in said cause with its exhibits, the contracts between Doherty Co. and Rice, and the supplemental bill with its exhibits, the contract between Rice and *459 Tillis. This evidence, including said exhibit contracts, was admitted without objection before any witnesses were examined ore tenus. Plaintiffs then introduced as a witness Mr. Whiting, who, after being examined as to the market value of the stock in question, was asked by plaintiffs if said Doherty Co. made any offer of purchase for the trustee's certificates, or stock, and if so, what the offer was. Counsel for the defendant asked the witness if the offer referred to was in writing, and witness replied that it was; his answer being that "It was a written agreement." Thereupon counsel for the plaintiffs offered in evidence a written agreement between H. L. Doherty Co. and Alex Rice; it being in two separate instruments, and being the agreement made and entered into on the 13th day of May, 1910, between Alex Rice and Henry L. Doherty Co., and attached as exhibits to the original bill and so offered in evidence.
The defendant objected to the introduction of the agreements on the grounds that said paper writings did not tend to fix the market value of the stock or certificates in controversy, and constituted a mere personal agreement between the parties, containing mutual covenants and stipulations. The court permitted the agreements to be read in evidence, and to this action of the court exception was duly reserved by the defendant.
It will be noted that said agreements were in evidence, having been introduced without objection as a part of the proceedings by Doherty Co. against Rice, Tillis, and others in the United States court, and as exhibits. Said agreements, taken alone, containing as they do other mutual covenants and stipulations, would not establish the fair market value of the stock or certificates in controversy; yet they were agreements in the nature of admissions on the part of Doherty Co. that said certificates or stock were of some value, or had a market value. Pope v. Randolph,
This court has held that evidence of value is necessarily opinion evidence, and that it is not conclusive on courts and juries even when without conflict. Andrews v. Frierson,
In Steiner Brothers Co. v. Tranum,
The plaintiff Tillis, as a witness in his own behalf, testified that the stock or certificates in question had a market value at the time of the issuance of the injunction; that he was the owner of 917 shares thereof; and that the reasonable market value per share thereof, less the indebtedness, was $225. He was then properly permitted to answer, over defendant's objection, that after the injunction issued the market value of *460 said stock was not enhanced, but was decreased, and "at the time of the dissolution of the injunction, January, 1915, the reasonable market value of that stock or those certificates was about $25 or $35 per share." This evidence was competent as tending to shed light upon the witness' estimate or knowledge of the fair market value of the stock, and as affording basis for the jury to say whether or not the large depreciation in its market value was caused by the wrongful issue of the injunction, or by other factors not embraced within the conditions of the contract covered by the injunction bond. The opinion evidence of the market value, given by the witness, was supported by other competent evidence tending to prove the fair market value, and from this entire phase the jury could draw a correct and just conclusion of such market value.
The plaintiffs' question to Whiting, "After this injunction was sued out, was there still another injunction issued?" elicited the answer, "Yes; there was another injunction." This evidence was only cumulative upon other evidence, shown by the record to have been introduced without objection, that more than one injunction or temporary restraining order was issued in the equity suit in question pending in the United States court. After an examination of the entire record, we cannot hold that there was reversible error in this ruling of the court.
That the action was properly brought in the names of all the obligees of the injunction bond, for the use of the real plaintiff, Richard Tillis, is upheld by the authorities collected in Alabama Power Co. v. Hamilton,
In the instant case, the complainants in the injunction suits procured the granting of the order of dismissal or discontinuance of the action. It has generally been held that the legal effect of such dismissal of the main suit and vacation of the order granting the injunction is the equivalent of the determination of the fact of liability under the injunction bond; that is, that the party procuring the issuance of the writ of injunction was not entitled thereto, and that liability on the part of the obligors, according to the terms of the bond, is by the fact of its dismissal admitted. Hathorn v. North Caro. Gas Co.,
Our court has reached a like conclusion. In Mayor Aldermen of East Lake v. De Vore,
"And it is contended that the injunction having fully performed its office, according to the prayer of the bill and its own terms, it no longer existed for any purpose and could not be and was not and can never be dissolved. The position is without merit. In this country the prevailing doctrine is that notwithstanding the time within which the writ is operative has lapsed, the injunction continues to legally exist until it is dissolved by the court. The injunction in this case did not simply pass out of existence upon the expiration of the time of its operation, but it was dissolved by the subsequent dismissal of his bill by the complainant." Zeigler v. David,
Where the dismissal was "without prejudice," an action lies upon the undertaking. Yale v. Baum,
In an action on a bond, it is sufficient generally to assign a breach in the words of the condition and negative the performance of the undertaking. It is not necessary to use the precise terms of the obligation. Code, § 5382 (form No. 7); Kirby v. Forbes,
"The next objection is that the declaration fails to aver that the bill was dismissed upon the merits, or that the defendants in the court below had notice of such dismissal. We think it altogether sufficient to aver that the bill was dismissed generally, without stating the ground of the dismissal. It amounts to a final disposition of the cause, adverse to the complainant, and entitled the defendant in the chancery suit to recover upon the bond such damages as he had wrongfully sustained by its exhibition and obtaining the process prayed for."
In the Babcock Case, Chief Justice Anderson observed that the complaint averred that the bill was dismissed and the injunction was *461
dissolved. "This was a sufficient averment of a breach." Thus in effect was modified Dunn v. Davis,
Demurrer is not the proper remedy to expunge from a complaint nonrecoverable damages. Ala. Power Co. v. Hamilton, supra; Pryor v. Beck, supra; B. R., L. P. Co. v. Oden,
There was no error in the refusal of the defendant's requested charges 7, 8, 9, and 10. The evidence sought to be limited by these charges could be considered in connection with the evidence tending to show the fair market value of the stock or certificates. The affirmative charges requested by defendant were properly refused; and the affirmative charge for the plaintiffs was properly given. The amount of the damages sustained by plaintiffs through the failure to successfully maintain the suit for injunction was properly submitted to the jury.
Charge 5 was misleading, in that plaintiffs were entitled to recover nominal damages on the dismissal of the suit and the dissolution of the injunction against Tillis.
There was no error in refusing charge 6, though the depreciation in the value of the stock in question was proximately caused by "shutting down" the Citizens' plant; yet if the issuance of the injunction was so wrongful, and so interfered with Tillis in the operation of the plant, by rendering him unable to use, pledge, or vote his stock, as to cause him to shut down the plant, there would be liability for a breach of the injunction bond; and it became a jury question as to the amount of damages sustained by him in the wrongful issue of the injunction.
The judgment of the circuit court is affirmed.
Affirmed.
ANDERSON, C. J., and MAYFIELD and SOMERVILLE, JJ., concur.