7 A.2d 824 | N.J. | 1939
The writ of certiorari brings before us for review the conviction of the prosecutor, N.J. Good Humor, Inc., by the recorder of the borough of Bradley Beach for a violation of a municipal ordinance prohibiting peddling.
The facts are not in dispute. The prosecutor is engaged in selling ice cream and confections. Its method of doing business is to sell wares from automobiles throughout the state. It furnishes the vehicles to its salesmen under certain conditions as to furnishing oil and gasoline for their operation and pays the salesmen for their services certain commissions based upon the sales made.
One William E. Knoblock was so employed by prosecutor and on August 18th, 1938, and on other occasions, made sales from the automobile within the municipality in question. The prosecutor was charged with violating the ordinance and the facts not being challenged by it the recorder found it guilty and imposed a fine of fifty dollars. The recorder found that the prosecutor was engaged in peddling its wares from its automobile by its agent Knoblock.
With that conclusion we are in accord. Its method of selling from its automobiles is peddling within the well known and generally accepted meaning of that term, and as denounced by the ordinance.
The pertinent question presented is whether or not the ordinance is valid and enforceable.
The argument of the prosecutor is that it is not enforceable for the reasons that it is unreasonable, arbitrary, capricious and discriminatory, and further, that it violates its constitutional rights by the denial of equal protection of the law. The *23 ordinance makes it unlawful for any person, firm or corporation to hawk, peddle or vend any goods, wares or merchandise within the municipality, or to carry the same from place to place, or house to house, or to expose them for sale in a push cart, wagon, automobile or otherwise. The respondents contend that its authority to enact the ordinance was delegated to it by the legislature in the so-called Home Rule act, R.S. 40:48-2.
The language of that provision is very comprehensive and it seems to us clear that it was the legislative intent to vest such power in the municipalities, as was done in the instant case, as a proper exercise of the police power. This section reads as follows: "Any municipality may make, amend, repeal and enforce such other ordinances, regulations, rules and by laws not contrary to the laws of this state, or of the United States, as it may deem necessary and proper for the good government, order and protection of persons and property, and for the preservation of the public health, safety and welfare of the municipality and its inhabitants and as may be necessary to carry into effect the powers and duties conferred and imposed by this subtitle, or by any law."
We conclude that the ordinance is not arbitrary nor discriminatory because it applies to everyone who seeks to sell his goods in the manner indicated. Is it unreasonable, arbitrary or capricious? To answer that question consideration must be given to the local conditions and requirements. It must be assumed that the municipality acted in good faith and with discretion. Silvester v. Princeton,
It is to be noted that the ordinance is not a prohibition of the sale of goods, but rather a restriction in the manner or method of sale. The ordinance is not, in our view, unreasonable, arbitrary or capricious.
Our attention has not been called to any decision of the courts of this state on the constitutionality of an ordinance which prohibits peddling. While decisions in other jurisdictions are not uniform the general rule seems to be that such prohibition does not invade any constitutional rights. The cases are collected in a footnote in 105 A.L.R. 1051. See, also, note in88 Id. 183.
Commonwealth of Pennsylvania v. Gardner,
Another argument advanced by the prosecutor is that the ordinance is ineffective as against a corporation for the reason that to peddle is a personal act of which a corporation is incapable. *25
We think there is no merit to that contention. Corporations may, through their agents, carry on the usual affairs of business and even may be indicted under the criminal law. State v.Passaic County Agricultural Society,
There remains for consideration the fact that Knoblock, the agent of prosecutor who was in charge of the automobile and who actually did the peddling, was an honorably discharged veteran holding a license to peddle in the state. Knoblock was personally immune from the provisions of the ordinance. Strauss v.Bradley Beach,
The conviction is affirmed. *26