Mutual of Enumclaw Insurance v. Knight

833 P.2d 339 | Or. Ct. App. | 1992

WARREN, P. J.

Plaintiff insurer sought a declaratory judgment regarding its policy’s coverage.¹ Both parties moved for summary judgment. The trial court ruled for defendants. Plaintiff appeals, and we reverse.

Plaintiff issued Roy and Carrin Schafer a motor vehicle insurance policy. On July 16, 1986, defendant’s decedent was riding a bicycle when he was struck and killed by a vehicle driven by one of the Schafers. Defendant filed a wrongful death action in circuit court. A judgment for $300,000 was entered against the Schafers.

Plaintiff then filed this action to determine its liability under the policy. The sole issue is whether defendant’s claim was subject to the $100,000 “each person” limit in the policy or the $300,000 “per accident” limit. The trial court held that the “per accident” limit applies.

The policy provides, in part:

“1. We will pay all sums the insured must legally pay as damages, because of bodily injury or property damage to which this insurance applies.

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“E. OUR LIMIT OF LIABILITY

“1. Regardless of the number of covered cars, insureds, claims made, vehicles involved in the accident or premiums shown on the Coverage Page, the most we will pay for all damages resulting from one accident is the applicable LIABILITY INSURANCE limit shown on the Coverage Page for the covered car.” (Some emphasis supplied; some emphasis in original.)

The declaration page of the policy states:

‘1 COVERAGE LIMITS OF LIABILITY

“SEPARATE LIMITS

“BODILY INJURY $100,000 EACH PERSON

“$300,000 EACH ACCID”

Under the policy, “bodily injury” is defined as bodily injury, sickness or disease, including death resulting therefrom.

Plaintiff contends that, regardless of the number of claims made, the policy provides for a maximum $100,000 recovery for all claims, direct or consequential, from the single bodily injury to the decedent. Defendant contends that “each person” does not mean each person who suffers a bodily injury. Instead, she contends that plaintiff is legally obligated to pay all damages “because of bodily injury.” In this case, 5 people — the decedent’s wife and 4 children — allegedly suffered damages because of bodily injury to the decedent. Therefore, defendant argues, each of those persons is entitled to recover under the policy up to a total of $300,000.

An insurance policy covers the liability of an insured tortfeasor, within the limits set in the policy. The policy’s language is given its plain, everyday meaning whenever possible. Mortgage Bancorp, v. New Hampshire Ins. Co., 67 Or App 261, 264, 677 P2d 726, rev den 297 Or 339 (1984). The policy states that “regardless of the number of * * * claims made, * * * the most [plaintiff] will pay for all damages resulting from one accident is the * * * limit shown on the Coverage Page.” That limit is $100,000, regardless of the number of claims, for injuries, direct or consequential, because of bodily injury to one person.² Because only one person received a bodily injury, the each person limits of the policy apply. Viking Insurance of Wisconsin v. Popken, supra n 2, 102 Or App at 663. The trial court should have denied defendant’s motion for summary judgment and granted plaintiffs.³

Reversed and remanded for entry of a judgment for plaintiff.

1 In its complaint, plaintiff named only “Phyllis Knight, Personal Representative of the Estate of David F. Knight, deceased” as the opposing party. Plaintiff did not name Phyllis Knight in her personal capacity or in her capacity to sue on behalf of her four children. Defendant does not question the court’s authority to resolve this claim in the absence of the other parties.

2 We have held that bodily injury does not include coverage for loss of services unless the policy defines “bodily injury” to include loss of services. Viking Insurance of Wisconsin v. Popken, 102 Or App 660, 795 P2d 1091, rev den 310 Or 547 (1990).

3 Defendants also rely on Christensen v. Epley, 287 Or 539, 601 P2d 1216 (1979), which interpreted the Oregon Tort Claims Act (OTCA). ORS 30.270(1) (since amended by Or Law 1987, ch 915, § 13). OTCA then contained liability limits of $100,000 “to any claimant.” The court held that each statutory beneficiary of a decedent under OTCA had a separate and distinct claim for damages as a result of the decedent’s death. Defendants contend that plaintiffs policy limit of $100,000 to “each person” is comparable to OTCA’s limit of $100,000 per claimant. We disagree. ORS 30.270(1) provided for damages for “any claimant,” which included claims for loss of services. Plaintiffs policy does not use that language.