21 N.M. 313 | N.M. | 1916
OPINION OP THE COURT.
This action was instituted in the court below by G. L. Murry, as guardian of the minor heirs of Nellie B. Beid, deceased, against the appellant, Belmore, and one J. W. Dickey, not a party to this appeal, to recover damages for the wrongful removal of certain fixtures and improvements from a tract of land which said heirs inherited from their mother. The real estate in question had been' purchased- by Mrs. Beid from one Hamm, about one year prior to the alleged trespass. Hamm was indebted to the appellant, Belmore, who instituted suit against him, and caused an attachment to be levied upon the dwelling house, barn, fences, and certain ■other improvements upon the land in question, which' were later sold by virtue of such attachment proceedings. At the sale appellant purchased all the attached property, excepting the windmill and fixtures connected therewith, which were purchased by his co-defendant, Dickey. Belmore was notified by Murry (whether before or after the sale under the attachment proceedings does not definitely appear) prior to the removal of any of the said property that the real estate belonged .to said minor heirs; that Mrs. Beid had purchased the same prior to the institution of the attachment proceedings, and had a deed therefor, which had been long since, of record. Notwithstanding the notice so given, Belmore sold a part of .the property so purchased by him to others and authorized the purchasers to remove the same from the premises, and removed other property himself. Dickey removed the windmill. Upon the trial of the case, appellant did not dispute the fact that the title to the property was vested in the_ appellee’s wards at the time the attachment- proceedings were instituted, and only attempted to litigate the value of the property and the amount thereof that he had removed. The jury returned a verdict against both defendants, in favor of plaintiff, in the sum of $^5, we may assume, although the original verdict is not made a part of the record. The court received the verdict and discharged the jury. On the morning of the next day, the court called the jury into the box and- stated that he had been advised by practically all. the members of the jury that they did not intend to return a verdict against Dickey for any amount, hut only intended to award a recovery against Belmore. The court thereupon asked each juror if such was his intention. Upon being advised in the affirmative, he stated that the verdict would be corrected by limiting the recovery against Belmore alone, which was done, and judgment entered accordingly.
While appellant has assigned many alleged errors, only two of the assignments are discussed, and those only will be considered.
As to the first proposition, it is only necessary to say that appellant set in motion the agency which resulted in the damages accruing to appellee. He instituted the attachment proceedings and accepted the benefits from the sale of the property. The guardian had the election “to-pursue jointly or severally against all who aided in, or who advised or procured, or accepted benefits resulting-, from, the trespass.” Yandiver v. Poliak, 107 Ala. 547, 19 South. 180, 54 Am. St. Rep. 118. Here Belmore procured the attachment and caused the property to be sold and derived all the benefits from the sale, and was thereby rendered liable to respond to damages for the conversion of all the property sold, whether purchased by himself or others, and this regardless of the fact that appellee might, had he so elected, have proceeded against all others who participated in the wrongful transaction. Possibly the foregoing statement, to' the effect that Belmore procured the property to be sold, may be going further than the evidence warrants; but ,whether he directed the constable to sell this particular property or not is wholly immaterial, because there is ample evidence of ratification by him of the acts of the constable in selling the property. It is not clear from the evidence whether Murry notified Belmore of his claim, on behalf of the children, to the property prior to the sale or after thesalebut it does appear that he was so notified before any of the property had been removed, and bis answer to the notice was that he had been -out -a lot of money and was going to take the property. This action on his part, coupled with his receipt and appropriation of the money derived from the sale to .his own use, furnishes ample evidence of ratification on his part. In 4 Cyc. 764, it is said:
“Where an officer levies a writ of attachment on the property of a stranger, attachment plaintiff is liable to the claimant of the ownership and right of possession thereof not only when he directs the wrongful levy, but also when he subsequently adopts or ratifies the officer’s acts, independently of any bond and jointly with the attaching officer.”
In the case of Perrin v. Claflin, 11 Mo. 13, the court said:
“The doctrine o'f the common- law is that the person' who agrees to a trespass -after it is done, where the .trespass is done to his benefit or for his use, is a trespasser ,ab initio. His subsequent agreement is equivalent to a previous command.”
There was ample evidence of ratification by Belmore of the acts of the constable, and, this being true, he was liable for the value of all the property sold under the attachment levy, whether purchased by.him.or others-. Such being true, the only remaining question under -this branch of the case is whether the evidence warranted the recovery of the amount awarded. There was evidence, which, if true, warranted a recovery of more, than ¡$500. Consequently there is no merit in this contention.
“The court erred in calling back, to the jury hox the jurymen who tried this case, and having then and there attempted to impeach and correct their-- verdict, -on the -day after said verdict had been returned and they had been discharged.”
There was no evidence adduced upon the trial to connect the defendant Dickey with the alleged trespass, save the fact that he attended the sale of the attached property and purchased the windmill, valued at slightly over $10. He had nothing whatever to do with the sale or removal of the remainder of the property, and no connection whatever with Belmore. This being true, a joint verdict against Dickey and Belmore for the full valúe of all the property removed from the lands was not warranted by the evidence, and the court, upon proper application, would have set aside the verdict as to Dickey, as it had power to do. The verdict as to Belmore, however, was sustained by the facts proven. It is evident that the court realized that the verdict against Dickey was unwarranted by the evidence, and that it attempted to correct the same. It had no power to make this correction- in the manner attempted. After a verdict has been received and entered upon the mifirutes, and the jury has been dismissed, they have not the power to reassemble and alter their verdict. Warner v. N. Y. Central R. R. Co., 52 N. Y. 437, 11 Am. Rep. 724; Walters v. Junkins, 16 Serg. & R. (Pa.) 414, 16 Am. Dec. 585; Sargent v. State, 11 Ohio, 472; Salinas v. Stillman, 25 Tex. 12.
