235 P. 653 | Cal. Ct. App. | 1925
This is a proceeding in the nature of an action to renew a judgment for maintenance of a dependent daughter, and to declare said judgment to be a lien upon certain real property standing in the name of the wife of the judgment debtor. The appeal is from part of the judgment only which holds that the statute of limitations *391 has barred the first two installments of the original judgment, and for failure on the part of the trial court to declare the judgment a lien upon the real property described in the complaint; and for failure to award plaintiff her costs and counsel fees. The appeal is from the judgment-roll alone. No evidence is before this court.
A demurrer was sustained as to the defendant Alice K. Murphy without leave to amend. From the judgment of dismissal entered pursuant thereto the plaintiff appealed. On appeal that judgment of dismissal was affirmed. (
The plaintiff is the daughter of the defendant S.S. Murphy. In an action for maintenance under the provisions of section
The statute of limitations was not pleaded by the defendant by either demurrer or answer.
[1] Since the defendant Alice K. Murphy is no longer a party to this action, and there is no allegation of fraudulent conveyance of property to her, the presumption of law is that the property standing in her name was purchased by her separate funds, and that it is her separate property. (Secs. 162-164, Civ. Code.) The court therefore properly found there was no lien against her property.
[2] Even though we assume that the ten-acre almond tract described in the complaint was transferred from S.S. Murphy to his wife after the entry of the original judgment, *392
still in the absence of an allegation or proof of fraud we cannot hold that the conveyance was void. [3] Fraud is never presumed. It must be alleged and proven. (12 Cal. Jur. 800; Albertoli v.Branham,
[4] Having recovered a judgment for more than $300, plaintiff was entitled to her costs of suit as of course, without any order of court. (Sec. 1022, Code Civ. Proc.) She was entitled to file her memorandum of costs as provided by section
[5] This is not an action in which the court is authorized by statute to allow attorney's fees. [6] Except where attorney's fees are specifically allowed by statute, or by contract of the parties, they are not recoverable by a successful litigant as costs or otherwise. (7 Cal. Jur. 286.) The compensation of attorneys is left to the agreement of parties. (Sec. 1021, Code Civ. Proc.) This is an action to renew a judgment. It is not an action for maintenance under section
The trial court found that the original judgment was paid only to May 5, 1914, but disallowed the first two installments due thereafter, on the ground that the statute of limitations had run against them. [8] This statute was not set up as a defense by either demurrer or answer. The defendant is therefore presumed to have waived it. [9] The defense of the statute of limitations is strictly affirmative in its nature. In order to make it available it must be pleaded. [10] The court cannot of its own motion apply the defense of this statute for the benefit of one who has failed to plead it. It is a personal privilege which may be urged by demurrer where the limitation appears upon the face of the complaint or by answer where it does not so appear. Otherwise the defense is waived. (18 Stand. Ency. of Proc. 1036; *393
16 Cal. Jur. 603; Manning v. Dallas,
The judgment is, therefore, reversed, with directions to the trial court to enter its judgment in favor of plaintiff for $2,334.28, plus the two installments of $15 each, together with accrued interest thereon.
Finch, P.J., and Hart, J., concurred.
A petition for a rehearing of this cause was denied by the district court of appeal on March 26, 1925, and a petition by appellant to have the cause heard in the supreme court, after judgment in the district court of appeal, was denied by the supreme court on April 23, 1925.
All the Justices present concurred.