314 Mass. 485 | Mass. | 1943
This is an action of tort for personal injuries and damage to an automobile, sustained by the plaintiff on July 9, 1936, when his automobile in which he was riding on Preble Street in Boston came into collision with an automobile owned by the defendant and operated by its servant. There was evidence of negligence on the part of the defendant’s servant, and the defendant offered no defence on that question. In its answer the defendant did not set up want of legal registration of the plaintiff’s automobile, but did set up his contributory negligence. Since it is a misdemeanor for the resident owner of a motor vehicle to “permit the same to be operated upon or to remain upon any way . . . unless such vehicle is registered in accordance with this chapter” (G. L. [Ter. Ed.] c. 90, §§ 9, 20), and a violation of that statute is evidence of negligence which can be found to be contributory, the answer opened the defence of contributory negligence in permitting the plaintiff’s automobile to be operated on a way without lawful registration. MacDonald v. Boston Elevated Railway, 262 Mass. 475, 476. Capano v. Melchionno, 297 Mass. 1, 16. MacInnis v. Mor
At the first trial the judge found for the defendant. On a report, the Appellate Division decided that there had been prejudicial error in the denial of the plaintiff’s request for a ruling numbered 10, and ordered a new trial. On the new trial, another judge found for the plaintiff. A second report, made by the latter judge, was dismissed by the Appellate Division, and the defendant appealed to this court. That appeal brought here all questions of law involved in either decision of the Appellate Division. The first question for us to consider is whether there was error at the first trial, for if there was none judgment must be entered upon the finding for the defendant made at that trial, and all subsequent proceedings become of no consequence. Weiner v. Pictorial Paper Package Corp. 303 Mass. 123, 128, 129. Marquis v. Messier, 303 Mass. 553, 555. See also Peterson v. Hopson, 306 Mass. 597, 600, 601; Westland Housing Corp. v. Scott, 312 Mass. 375; Holden v. Bloom, ante, 309.
At the first trial there was evidence of the following facts. The plaintiff lived in a rooming house at 4 Ringold Street in Boston, and never lived in Cambridge. But his estranged wife lived at 24 Windsor Street in Cambridge, and he received his mail at that address. He could have been located at any time through that address, for his wife always knew where he lived. His business took him out of town often. With the consent of his wife, he registered his automobile from 24 Windsor Street in Cambridge. Instead of using a garage, he parked his automobile in the street in front of her
An application for the registration of a motor vehicle must contain “a statement of the name, place of residence and address of the applicant.” G. L. (Ter. Ed.) c. 90, § 2. It is true that the main purpose of these requirements is to insure easy identification of the vehicle and its owner in case of accident. Di Cecca v. Bucci, 278 Mass. 15, 16. Ricker v. Boston Elevated Railway, 290 Mass. 111, 113. Brodmerkle v. Gorolsky, 293 Mass. 517, 518. Doyle v. Goldberg, 294 Mass. 105, 107. Caverno v. Houghton, 294 Mass. 110, 112, 113. Lappanasse v. Loomis, 297 Mass. 290, 292. Santa Maria v. Trotto, 297 Mass. 442, 445. Sanjean v. Hyman, 302 Mass. 224, 225. Bridges v. Hart, 302 Mass. 239, 243, 244. Russell v. Holland, 309 Mass. 187, 192. Matherson v. Dickson, 310 Mass. 18, 20. But the three requirements of name, place of residence and address are of equal importance under the statute, and no one of them may be ignored even though identification through the other two would be easy. Crean v. Boston Elevated Railway, 292 Mass. 226, 227, 228. Brodmerkle v. Gorolsky, 293 Mass. 517, 518. Faria v. Veras, 298 Mass. 117, 121. Gray v. Hatch, 299 Mass. 105, 106. A statement of these requirements is not on the same footing as a statement of some fact not expressly required by the statute itself. Dunn v. Merrill, 309 Mass. 174, 176. Apart from the statutory provision as to “mistake,” hereinafter discussed, these statutory requirements as to name, place of residence and address- must be met, not only in the application made out by the applicant but also in the certificate of registration issued by the registrar of motor vehicles, or the registration is not lawful. G. L. (Ter. Ed.) c. 90, § 2. Brodmerkle v. Gorolsky, 293 Mass. 517, 518. Lappanasse v. Loomis, 297 Mass. 290. Faria v. Veras, 298 Mass. 117, 121.
In some cases there has been mention of the requirement in a form of application that the applicant state his “Massachusetts residential address” and also his “Mail address, if different.” Sanjean v. Hyman, 302 Mass. 224, 225. LeBlanc v. Cutler Co. 305 Mass. 283, 284. In this case the form of the application did not appear. The statute makes no distinction between the two kinds of address, but provides simply that the “address” shall be stated. An applicant may have an address, that is, a place where mail or other communications will reach him, at a place other than his place of residence. Doyle v. Goldberg, 294 Mass. 105, 107. In this case it could have been found that the plaintiff’s “address” was in Cambridge, and there was no evidence and no finding to the contrary. So far as the address is concerned, no invalidity in the registration appears.
But clearly the place of residence of the plaintiff was not truly stated. He never lived in Cambridge. He lived in Boston. As was said in Brodmerkle v. Gorolsky, 293 Mass. 517, 518, “Perhaps a letter addressed simply to Sterling [m this case, Cambridge] would have reached him; but a person seeking to visit him would have gone to the wrong town and at least would have suffered inconvenience in discovering him.” In Gray v. Hatch, 299 Mass. 105, an application and a certificate were held defective where a resident of Ashfield stated his place of residence as Shelburne Falls, although the latter was his address. In Di Cecca v. Bucci, 278 Mass. 15, the street and number were correct, but the municipality was stated as Brookline when it was really Boston, though near the line. The registration was held
Apart from the provision as to "mistake” introduced into G. L. (Ter. Ed.) c. 90, § 9, by St. 1934, c. 361, it is clear that the plaintiff’s automobile was not legally registered. That provision reads as follows: "A motor vehicle or trailer shall be deemed to be registered in accordance with this chapter notwithstanding . . . any mistake in the statement of residence of the applicant contained in said application or certificate.” This provision gives relief against mistakes in the certificate of registration as well as in the application. MacInnis v. Morrissey, 298 Mass. 505. The burden which is on the defendant of proving want of lawful registration includes the burden of proving that any
The word “mistake” in this provision has been judicially defined. “An unconscious forgetfulness of facts which have come to the owner’s knowledge and attention, resulting in an innocent failure to cause correct registration to be made, is a mistake .... This excludes wilful omission, intentional failure, or conscious inattention to procure correct registration. It excludes every element of design. It excludes heedless or reckless conduct in view of known facts. It excludes wanton or inexcusable delay in action. It includes only complete honesty of purpose accompanied by blameless oversight or ignorance of facts.” Brown v. Robinson, 275 Mass. 55, 58. Emeneau v. Hillery, 282 Mass. 280, 284. MacInnis v. Morrissey, 298 Mass. 505, 508. LeBlanc v. Cutler Co. 305 Mass. 283, 286, 287. Matherson v. Dickson, 310 Mass. 18, 21.
It has been held that an applicant may make a “mistake” with respect to his own place of residence. In LeBlanc v. Cutler Co. 305 Mass. 283, the applicant stated the street and number of his residence, but omitted the municipality. It was held that the omission was not shown to be other than a “mistake.” In Matherson v. Dickson, 310 Mass. 18, also, it was held that a “mistake” was not negatived as matter of law. In MacInnis v. Morrissey, 298 Mass. 505, the applicant stated his place of residence as “191 Main Street, Greenfield.” In fact, that was his office, not his residence. He lived for six days a week in Greenfield, first in one lodging house and then in another. He had been transferred to Greenfield about six months before, the registration, and his family were still at his former home in Framingham. At the time of the registration he was about to move his home and family nearer to his office, but the place had not been chosen. It was held that a “mistake” was not negatived as matter of law.
This last case is comparable to the present one. In neither did the applicant live at the place stated. In the MacInnis case, however, the applicant did live in the municipality,
The plaintiff presented ten requests for rulings. Those numbered 1, 2 and 3 were granted, with the statement by the judge that they were “not applicable to facts found.” These requests were in substance that any misstatements in the application and certificate do not “affect the main purpose of the registration and interfere with the easy identification of the” registrant. Whatever the judge meant, it is clear that the fact that identification of the registrant was .easy cannot dispense with the statutory requirement that his place of residence be stated. Requests numbered 1, 2, 3, 5 and 7 were inconsistent with what has already been said concerning the statement of the place of residence. Requests numbered 4, 8 and 9 dealt with the statement of address only, and not with the statement of the place of residence. As has been shown, a correct statement of address does not cure a misstatement of the place of residence. There was no error in denying these requests. Even if the request numbered 4 was literally correct, it led to no result in favor of the plaintiff if the misstatement of the place of residence was not a “mistake.” Consequently its refusal was not prejudicial error. None of the requests expressly asked a ruling that the misstatement of the place of residence could not be found to be other than a “mistake.” Perhaps that question was presented, however, by the requests numbered 6 and 1Ó, asking in general terms a ruling
Since there was no error at the first trial, the entry must be
Both orders of Appellate Division reversed.
Finding for defendant at first trial to stand.