212 N.W. 491 | S.D. | 1927
Plaintiff, holding certificates of deposit issued by the failed Farmers’ State Bank of Unityville, aggregating the principal sum of $16,000, stating on their face that they
The alternative writ issued, and defendants by their return set up the defense that plaintiff was not, .in fact, an “unsecured depositor in good faith” of said failed bank, as contemplated by section 9020, Code 1919, as amended 'by chapter 134, Laws 1921, basing this defense, in substance, upon two grounds, first, that although the certificates of deposit were fair on their face, and provided! for only 5 per cent interest, yet at the time said certificates were issued there was a side agreement between plaintiff and the failed bank that the bank would pay upon said money so deposited the rate of 8 per cent interest per annum, which agreement would be in conflict with the provisions of section 9014, 'Code 1919, as amended 'by chapter 32, Laws 2d Sp. Sess. 1920, thereby preventing plaintiff from- being a depositor of said bank in good faith, under the rule laid down by this court in First National Bank v. Hirning, 48 S. D. 417, 204 N. W. 901; second, that the principal of said certificates of deposit to the extent of at least $820 consisted of interest illegally paid by said failed -bank to the plaintiff in excess of the rate allowed by law on previous deposits whereby there was embraced in the $16,000 worth of certificates in issue a good faith deposit of not to exceed $15,180, while the bank was agreeing to pay the rate of 5, per cent upon the full face válue of said certificates, amounting to $16,000, thereby rendering the rate of interest excessive upon the actual good-fait'h deposit of $15,180 and preventing the plaintiff, as holder of such certificates, from ranking as a good-faith depositor of the failed bank entitled to claim against the guaranty fund.
The court below, after hearing the matter, made findings and conclusions in favor of the plaintiff and entered judgment and awarded the peremptory writ as prayed for by plaintiff, and the defendants appeal..
It is true that the court below submitted these questions of fact to a jury, which jury returned special verdicts in favor of respondent thereon, and the learned trial judge adopted said verdicts and made the same a part of his findings. The submission of these issues, to a jury, however, is entirely immaterial upon appeal. Under the provisions of section 14, art. 5, Constitution of South Dakota, the power and duty “to issue writs of * * * mandamus, * * * with authority to hear and determine the same,” is conferred upon the court, and it is the duty of the court, therefore, to pass upon the facts. See Spelling on Injunctions and Other Extraordinary Remedies (2d Ed.) § 1687. It is true that section 3011, Code 1919, provides that the court may, in its discretion, submit fact questions arising on application for mandamus to a jury. Such submission, however, by the express terms of the statute is, and in view of t'he constitutional provision must be, discretionary with the court, and! a verdict upon such submission is advisory only and may be adopted or rejected by the court as to it seems proper. The verdict being advisory only, the facts must ultimately be determined by the findings of t'he court. Matters with reference to the verdict of the jury, w'here, as here, such verdict is advisory only, will not he reviewed on appeal. See Hall v. Harris, 145 Mo. 614, 47 S. W. 506; Gersich v. Starich, 177 Wis. 507, 188 N. W. 492.
In the instant case, if the findings of the court are supported by the evidence, the conclusions and judgment must, of necessity, follow. We do not find in the record any assignment of error which challenges the sufficiency of evidence to support the findings of the court, or which will permit the question of whether or not such evidence is sufficient to support the findings to be reviewed on this appeal.
From what we have said above it is apparent that the trial on an application for mandamus is, in fact, a trial to the court, notwithstanding the court may, in its discretion,- take an
The trial in mandamus being to the court, the “decision” is given by filing findings of fact and conclusions of la-w. Sections 2525, 2526, Code 1919; Brown v. Brown, 49 S. D. 167, 206 N. W. 688. Our statute contemplates with reference to a trial to the court that notice of intention to move for new trial should be given and motion for new trial made after the decision of the court. Sections 2554, 2557, Code 1919. In the instant case neither of these acts was performed after the making and- filing of the findings of fact and conclusions of law. Notice of intention was served and motion for new trial made after the advisory verdicts of the jury were received, hut before the decision of the court. The giving of the notice of intention and the making of the motion for new trial, under such circumstances, were premature and can be given no force or effect. Therefore the appeal pending before us is an appeal from the judgment only, and on such appeal, regardless of the form, of the assignments of error, the sufficiency of the evidence to sustain the findings of the court cannot be raised. Ahearn v. Smith, 50 S. D. 633, 211 N. W. 448.
The judgment appealed from must be and it is affirmed.