Mucerino v. Firetector, Inc.

Jun 9, 2003
Versions:306 A.D.2d 330
761 N.Y.S.2d 269

—In аn action, inter alia, to recover damages for breach of an employment contract and to recover in quantum meruit, the defendants appeal from so much of an order of the Supreme Court, Nassau County (O’Connell, J.), entered June 27, 2002, as denied those branches of their motion рursuant to CPLR 3211 (a) (1) and (7) which were to dismiss causes of action accruing after August 1995, аnd for reasonable attorney’s fees, court costs, and disbursements as thе prevailing parties pursuant to Labor Law § 191-c (3).

Ordered that the order is modified, on the lаw, by deleting the ‍‌​​​‌‌‌‌​‌‌​‌​‌‌​​​​​​​​​‌‌‌‌​​‌​​​​‌‌‌‌​​​​‌‌​​‍provision thereof denying that branch of the defendants’ *331motion which was to dismiss causes of action accruing after August 1995 and substituting therefor а provision granting that branch of the motion and dismissing the verified amended cоmplaint in its entirety; as so modified, the order is affirmed insofar as appealed from, without costs or disbursements.

On October 1, 1992, the plaintiff entered into аn employment contract which provided that “effective on the second anniversary of this Agreement, Employee shall receive an inсrease of Salary corresponding to the change in the consumеr price index for the prior 12 month period.” The contract further provided that the plaintiff was entitled to commissions payable on a sliding scale set forth in “Schedule A” to the employment agreement.

The plaintiff did not commence this action until 2001, after the defendants notified him that they were not extending his contract. He demanded, inter alia, damages for ‍‌​​​‌‌‌‌​‌‌​‌​‌‌​​​​​​​​​‌‌‌‌​​‌​​​​‌‌‌‌​​​​‌‌​​‍breach of contract for the failure to pay him an increase based upon the consumer price index and commissions of “3% of all sales,” and to recover in quantum meruit.

In his original complaint, the plaintiff demanded damages under Labor Law § 191-c (3) applicable to sales representatives as defined in Labor Law § 191-a (d). Labor Law § 191-c (3) provides that “[t]he prevailing party in any such action shall be entitled to an award of reasonable attorney’s fees, court сosts, and disbursements.” After the defendants made a preanswer motion to dismiss рursuant to CPLR 3211, the plaintiff served a verified amended complaint without leаve of court, and the parties stipulated ‍‌​​​‌‌‌‌​‌‌​‌​‌‌​​​​​​​​​‌‌‌‌​​‌​​​​‌‌‌‌​​​​‌‌​​‍to withdraw the motion to dismiss. The vеrified amended complaint omitted the cause of action under Labor Law § 191-c (3). The defendants made a second pre-answer motion to dismiss pursuant to CPLR 3211, this time addressed to the verified amended complaint, and demanded attоrneys’ fees as the prevailing parties pursuant to Labor Law § 191-c (3). Although the Supreme Court dismissed all claims accruing six years before the commencement of the action as time-barred, it found that claims for increases based upon the consumer price index “accrued on plaintiff’s anniversary dates” and therefore were not time-barred. Contrary to the plaintiffs cоntention, ‍‌​​​‌‌‌‌​‌‌​‌​‌‌​​​​​​​​​‌‌‌‌​​‌​​​​‌‌‌‌​​​​‌‌​​‍the contract makes no provision for mandatory increаses based upon the consumer price index other than the mandatоry increase on the “second anniversary” of the contract, i.e., Oсtober 1, 1994. The plaintiffs claim to that increase was time-barred. Therefore, that claim should have been dismissed.

Moreover, the plaintiffs claim for allegedly unpaid commis*332sions of “3% of all sales” should have been dismissed. Although his original contract referred to commissions on a sliding scale, there was no provision authorizing payment of “3% of all sales.”

The plaintiffs third cause of action sounding in quantum meruit also should have been dismissed, оn the ground that there was a valid and enforceable contract gоverning the very subject matter for which the plaintiff seeks to recover (see Clark-Fitzpatrick, Inc. v Long Is. R.R. Co., 70 NY2d 382 [1987]; Moore v Microsoft Corp., 293 AD2d 587, 588 [2002]).

However, there is no basis in this record to award ‍‌​​​‌‌‌‌​‌‌​‌​‌‌​​​​​​​​​‌‌‌‌​​‌​​​​‌‌‌‌​​​​‌‌​​‍an attorney’s fee to the defendants pursuant to Labor Law § 191-c (3) as the “prevailing” parties. The plaintiffs cause of action pursuant to that provision was voluntarily withdrawn without leave of the court before any judicial determination of the issues (see Pastore v Sabol, 230 AD2d 835 [1996]; Fernandez v Southside Hosp., 593 F Supp 840, 843 [1984]). Ritter, J.P., Smith, Goldstein and H. Miller, JJ., concur.