Patrina Moss appeals from the grant of summary judgment to Protective Life Insurance Company in her action to collect on a group accidental death insurance policy insuring her deceased husband, Sanford Moss. She contends summary judgment was not authorized because genuine issues of material fact existed about whether her husband’s death was accidental.
Protective Life’s motion for summary judgment asserted Sanford Moss’ death was not accidental and the motion was supported with the deposition testimony of two police officers stating that they had to shoot and kill Sanford Moss because he fired at them and wounded one of the officers. Patrina Moss’ response contended that notwithstanding this testimony, issues of fact existed on whether Sanford Moss opened a door quickly, whether he was ordered to drop his weapon, and whether excessive force was used. She also contended that Sanford Moss could not appreciate the consequences of his actions because he was intoxicated with a blood alcohol content of .27 grams percent. The trial court, however, found these matters were not material and granted summary judgment to Protective Life. Held:
The question presented is whether a triable issue exists on whether Sanford Moss’ death was accidental. Although the policy defines neither accident nor accidental death, Georgia law defines an accident as “an event which takes place without one’s foresight or expectation or design.” OCGA § 1-3-3 (2). Further, to recover under a policy such as this one, it must be shown that Sanford Moss’ death was the result of an unforeseen, unexpected, or unusual act.
Green v. Metropolitan Life Ins. Co.,
*390 The police officers are the only remaining witnesses to the events surrounding Sanford Moss’ death. While Patrina Moss can testify about events occurring before the two police officers arrived and about what she heard later, the two police officers are the only surviving witnesses to the actual events resulting in Sanford Moss’ death. The officers’ depositions show they arrived in uniform at the Moss home in response to a call from Patrina Moss, and after they arrived, one of the officers spoke with Sanford Moss through a closed door. She identified herself as a police officer and asked him to come out. Sanford Moss replied, in effect, that he would come out when he was dressed.
Although nothing in the officers’ depositions or Patrina Moss’ deposition shows there was any hostility between the officers and Sanford Moss, or any other reason for his action, Sanford Moss suddenly came out of the room holding a .357 magnum pistol, loaded with hollow point ammunition, and immediately shot one of the officers. Thereafter Sanford Moss turned and fired a second shot at the other officer; he was then killed by return fire from the two officers. The record shows, without contradiction, that Sanford Moss fired first and that the wounded officer’s pistol had not left his holster when he was shot. This officer escaped serious injury or death because he was wearing a protective vest. Further, the transcript of the coroner’s inquest shows the police investigation of the shooting, including the physical evidence at the scene, and the testimony of the medical examiner who conducted the autopsy of Sanford Moss, confirmed the officers’ testimony. The record contains no facts either explicitly explaining Sanford Moss’ actions, or from which an explanation could be inferred.
Whether Sanford Moss appreciated or expected that shooting at two police officers reasonably would result in his death by return fire is usually a question for the jury.
Drew v. Life Ins. Co.,
supra at 151;
Prudential Ins. Co. v. McLellan,
“To prevail at summary judgment under OCGA § 9-11-56, the moving party must demonstrate that there is no genuine issue of material fact and that the undisputed facts, viewed in the light most favorable to the nonmoving party, warrant judgment as a matter of law. OCGA § 9-11-56 (c). A defendant may do this by showing the court that the documents, affidavits, depositions and other evidence in the record reveal that there is no evidence sufficient to create a jury issue on at least one essential element of plaintiff’s case. If there *391 is no evidence sufficient to create a genuine issue as to any essential element of plaintiff’s claim, that claim tumbles like a house of cards. All of the other disputes of fact are rendered immaterial.” Id. at 491.
To collect on this accidental death policy, Patrina Moss would have the burden of proving at trial that the acts causing Sanford Moss’ death were áccidental, i.e., unforeseen, unexpected, or unusual.
Liberty Nat. Life Ins. Co. v. Morris,
Patrina Moss, however, has not shown any credible evidence creating a triable issue. The issues she attempts to create are based upon conjecture and not fact. For example, although she seeks to rely on issues considered in Prudential Ins. Co. of America v. McLellan, supra, the same issues are not presented here. This record shows Sanford Moss was the aggressor who fired first and without provocation, and there was no evidence suggesting that he was defending himself as in McLellan. The evidence supporting Protective Life’s motion for summary judgment and the other materials on file, without contradiction, show that, after speaking calmly with the police officer in a non-confrontational manner, Sanford Moss fired his .357 magnum pistol striking the first officer and then moved to where he could fire a shot at the other officer.
Moreover, as there is no evidence showing Sanford Moss did not intend to assault the police officers or that he had any reason to believe they would not return fire, merely showing he had a .27 grams percent blood alcohol level is not sufficient to create a triable issue. To create a triable issue there must be some evidence showing or from which one could infer that Sanford Moss was so drunk that he was unable to know, understand or intend to assault the officers.
Transamerica Ins. Co. v. Thrift-Mart,
*392
Although appellant might wish to raise some issue that the assault on the police officers resulted from some mental condition, there is simply no evidence Sanford Moss was suffering from any mental condition, and particularly no evidence he was suffering from such a mental condition which would have deprived him of his capacity to understand that shooting at armed police officers would result in them defending themselves with deadly force. See
State Auto. Mut. Ins. Co. v. Gross,
The opinions of this court and our Supreme Court in
State Farm Fire &c. Co. v. Morgan,
Accordingly, “summary judgment is appropriate when the court, viewing all the facts and reasonable inferences from those facts in a light most favorable to the non-moving party, concludes that the evidence does not create a triable issue as to each essential element of the case.”
Lau’s Corp. v. Haskins,
supra at 495. Here, as there is no credible evidence showing that Sanford Moss was not the aggressor or that there was any reason why he would not expect that the police would not respond to his attack by using their own deadly weapons to defend themselves, “the trial court did not err in finding insufficient credible evidence to create a substantial issue of material fact.”
Roe v. State Farm Fire &c. Co.,
Judgment affirmed.