Moon v. Moon, 19 Iowa 130

Moon v. Moon

19 Iowa 130 | Iowa | 1865

Cole, J.

The decree in the' original case found and' recited “ that the ’ defendant, Alney Moon, has been duly served with notice of the pendency of this suit by publication in the Hardin County Sentinel.” One objection as to the sufficiency of the service made by the defendant in his motion, is that there was no affidavit filed’ prior to the decree, showing that defendant was absent from the State,, so that personal service could not be made within it. But it is shown by the affidavit of defendant, accompanying his motion to set aside the judgment, that in fact he was at that time absent from the State, and could not therefore have been served with notice in it.

It was held by this court, Bonsall v. Isett et al,, 14 Iowa, 309, following several other cases there cited, that “it was the province of this court thus to determine its own jurisdiction over the person of defendants, and if in so doing it errs, the method of correcting the error is-.by an appeal;. *132it cannot be passed upon and determined in a collateral proceeding;” and that to set aside a judgment on tbe ground that no affidavit of tbe absence of the defendant from the State was filed, when such fact was made apparent by the application to set aside the judgment, would be to perpetuate an “ obvious incongruity at the expense of common sense.”

Whether any of the objections as to the sufficiency of the service, are well founded, it is not competent for us to determine in this case, for reasons which will be hereafter stated.

It is provided by the Revision, section 3150, that a default may be set aside on such terms as the court may deem just, among which the statute prescribes certain ones as requisite. It is there provided by section 3160, that where a defendant has been served by publication only and has not appeared, he may, at any time within two years, appear and move to have the action retried; and on giving security for costs, may be admitted to make defense. We are not, however, ealled upon in this case to determine the rights of the defendant under these sections.

í pbaq. equHabie action. This cause, although an equitable action, was triable by the second method, and therefore the evidence is not sarily, nor, indeed, is it in such cases ordinarily taken by deposition, or otherwise preserved of recor(3i The transcript in this case does not show upon what evidence the cause was tried before the District Court, nor does it appear from the certificate of the clerk, or otherwise, that we have before us a transcript of all the affidavits on file, or other papers in the case. No bond or other security for costs, by defendant, is contained in the transcript. To undertake to retrjr the cause in this court, upon such a transcript, would be to hazard the determination upon part of the evidence, and therefore of a different cause in this court than the one tried by *133the District Court, and hence to imperil the rights of the appellee.

To justify a review of the action of the District Court in an equitable action, it is necessary that the transcript should show that all the evidence is before us. As to the method in which this may be done, see Van Orman v. Spafford, Clark & Co., 16 Iowa, 186; Anderson v. Easton & Son, Id., 56.

We are the more willing to yield obedience to this rule in this case (and indeed we are not at liberty to disregard it in any) for the reason that it involves the question as to the right of a court to set aside a decree of divorce obtained upon service by publication at any time within two years, although the divorced party may have married, and when to set aside the decree, the rights and immunities of third parties might be so affected as to make them bastards and adulterers.

It is a question of grave importance, one of first impression, and has received no attention whatever at the hands of counsel. As to the question aside from the statute, see Bishop on Marriage and Divorce, § 54, p. 708; Sir John Nishell, in Elliott v. Gun, 1 Eng. Eq., 166; Norton v. Saton, Id., 384; Welde v. Welde, 2 La., 580-586; Morris v. Webber, Id., 169; Bury’s Case, 5 Co., 98; Kern's Case, 7 Id., 42; Conway v. Beazley, 3 Eng. Eq., 242-245.

Under these circumstances we would violate both the rules of practice of this court, and of judicial propriety, were we to attempt to adjudicate the questions involved. We, therefore, cheerfully follow the line of our duty, and order the judgment of the District Court to stand

Affirmed.