43 F. 362 | U.S. Circuit Court for the District of Kansas | 1890
These are suits upon municipal bonds issued by the defendant township. The facts of the case are briefly as follows: On the first day of August, 1871, the defendant township issued its bonds in the sum of $40,000, due in 20 years, at 10 per cent, interest, payable to the King Wrought-Iron Bridge Manufactory and Iron Works, for the purpose of building a bridge over the Kansas river in said township. Coupons were attached for the semi-annual interest, and these actions are brought on the coupons. The defendant denies that the bonds or coupons were ever made or executed by the defendant township or its officers. The bonds and coupons bear the name of J. D. Downing, township trustee, and Alva Higbee, township clerk. The facts in reference to the execution and issue of the bonds are as follows: The bridge was built and accepted by the township, and the bonds were prepared, with the exception of the signature of the officers, and taken to the city of Topeka, in January, 1882, where Mr. T. B. Mills, president of the bridge company, and William H. Jenkins, and James D. Downing, who was trustee of said township, and Alva Higbee, who was clerk of said town
This case turns on the single question, whether tho name of the trustee signed as it was, followed by delivery of the bonds, and the subsequent acts of the township officers, makes the indebtedness a legal obligation of the defendant township. Section 414 of the General Statutes of Kansas, making provision for the issuing of municipal bonds, provides as follows- “'And if issued by a township shall be signed by the township trustee, and attested by the township clerk.” The doctrine is well settled that a public officer cannot delegate to another the exercise of his official duties. It is equally well settled that, in the transaction of private business, a person may orally authorize another to sign his name in his presence, and such signature is valid. Can a public officer delegate to another, not the exercise of official discretion, but simply the performance of a ministerial act, such as signing his name in his presence, and under his order? In Chapman v. Limerick, 56 Me. 390, the court held that a constable’s return to a warrant calling a township meeting must bear the sign-manual of the constable who executed it. This conclusion was largely induced by a statute of the state which provided: “'When the signature of a person is required, he must write it, or make his mark.” This is tho principal case to which my attention has been called on the part of tho defendant. On tho other side we find several cases more or less pertinent. Ring v. County of Johnson, 6 Iowa, 272; Railroad Co. v. Marion County, 36 Mo. 303; Just v. Wise Tp., 42 Mich. 575, 4 N. W. Rep. 298. In this case tho township clerk signed the highway commissioners’ names to an order on the treasurer in the presence of, and by order of, tho commissioners, who then indorsed on the order that the labor and material for which the order was given had been performed and furnished, and delivered the order to the proper person. The court held, if there was any question as to the validity of the signatures, that the indorsement and delivery of the order by the commissioners was an adoption and approval of the signature, and the order was valid. The court uses this language:
“ If either had been unable to sign his name, and had directed another to sign for him, and this had been done in his presence, the act would have been good, whether he made his mark thereto or not.”
See, also, Town of Weyauwega v. Ayling, 99 U. S. 118; Com. v. Harnden, 19 Pick. 482; People v. Bank, 75 N. Y. 555.