79 Ind. 198 | Ind. | 1881
— In this case, the appellant and one William Morrison were jointly indicted by the grand jury of said court, at its January term, 1881. A separate trial was awarded the appellant, Miller; and, as to him, the issues joined by his plea of ■not guilty were submitted to a jury for trial. And the State having introduced its evidence and rested, the appellant demurred to such evidence; which demurrer was overruled by the court, and to this ruling he excepted. The jury having heard the arguments of counsel, and the instructions of the ■court, afterwards returned their verdict to the effect that the
In this court, the appellant has properly assigned, as errors, the following decisions of the criminal court:
1. In overruling his motion to quash the indictment;
:2. In overruling his demurrer to the State’s evidence;
3. In overruling his motion for a new trial; and,
4. In overruling his motion in arrest of judgment.
The appellant has also assigned, as errors, certain other rulings of the court below, which might have constituted good causes for a new trial, if they had been assigned as such ■causes, in his motion for such new trial. If these other rulings were not assigned as causes for a new trial in the motion therefor, their assignment here, as errors, would present no ■question for the decision of this court. And if such rulings were assigned as causes for new trial, in the motion therefor, then the only proper assignment here of error would be, that the court had erred in overruling the appellant’s motion for a new trial. Eor this assignment of error would bring before this court, for consideration and decision, every question presented by or arising under every cause for a new trial properly assigned in the appellant’s motion therefor. This practice is so long and so firmly established, that it would be a' ■work of supererogation to cite authorities in its support.
The indictment in this case charged in substance, that the .appellant, Miller, and William Morrison, on the 6th day of May, 1881, at and in Marion county, Indiana, did feloniously and knowingly unite, combine, conspire, confederate and agree with each other, for the object and purpose and with the intent to obtain moneys from one Joseph Lewark, and in pursuance of said object, purpose and intent, did then and there, feloniously, knowingly, purposely, designedly, and with
Whereas, in truth and in fact, said piece of metal so exhibited to said Lewark was not gold bullion, nor composed of gold in any form, and was not of the value of $21,000, or of $10,000, but was composed of almost worthless metals as compared with gold, being composed wholly of metals not precious in character, and the whole piece not being then and there of the value of five dollars; and said piece of metal was washed over with a substance of the color of gold and having the same general appearance, while within it was of a wholly different appearance, and said particles of metal, actually deliv
It is manifest from the phraseology of the indictment, in this case, that the appellant and his co-defendant, Morrison, were therein charged, or intended to be charged, with the commission of one of the felonies which are defined in “ An :act defining what shall constitute certain felonies, and fixing the penalties therefor,” approved May 31st, 1861. This act •provided as fallows:
“That any person or persons who shall unite or combine with any other person or persons for the purpose of committing a felony, or any person or persons who shall knowingly "unite with any other person or persons, or body, or association or combination of persons, whose object is the commission of a felony or felonies, shall be guilty of a felony, and ■upon conviction shall be fined in any sum not exceeding five thousand dollars, and be imprisoned in the state-prison not less than two, nor more than twenty-one years: Provided, That in any indictment under this section, it shall not be necessary to charge the particular felony which it was the purpose of such person or persons, or the object of each [such] person*203 or persons, or body, association or combination of persons •to commit.” 2 E. S. 1876, p. 451.
In construing this 'statute, it has been uniformly held by this court, and, we think, correctly so, that the proviso therein “ is in conflict with the constitution and against natural right, ■and hence is absolutely void.” Landringham v. The State, 49 Ind. 186; The State v. McKinstry, 50 Ind. 465; Scudder v. The State, 62 Ind. 13.
It would seem from the language of the indictment in the <case now before us, that it was intended to charge therein that the appellant and his co-defendant, Morrison, had feloniously united and combined with each other with the intent to commit the particular felony which is defined in section 27 of the felony .act of June 10th, 1852. So far as applicable to this case, this section 27 provides as follows: “ If any person, with intent to -defraud another, shall designedly, by color of any false token ■* * or any false pi’etence, * * obtain from any person any money, * * * or thing of value; such person shall, upon conviction thereof, be imprisoned,” etc. 2 E. S. 1876, p. 436.
It is earnestly insisted by 'the appellant’s counsel that the indictment under consideration is radically defective in this, that it did not state such false representations of alleged existing facts, or such false pretences, as would or could deceive a man of common intelligence. We have a number of cases, in the xeported decisions of this court, in which it has been held that it was not every false pretence on which a criminal charge might be predicated, but that such representations of alleged existing facts, as might deceive a man of common intelligence, would support an indictment for obtaining money or goods by means of false pretences. Clifford v. The State, 56 Ind. 245; The State v. Snyder, 66 Ind. 203; Miller v. The State, 73 Ind. 88.
It can hardly be said, however, that this question is presented in this case; for the indictment here does not charge the appellant with the felony of obtaining money by means •of false pretences. The charge against the appellant is, that he and his co-defendant had feloniously united with each
The questions presented by the alleged error of the trial court, in overruling the motion to quash the indictment, seem to us to be these: First. Did the indictment charge the appellant and his co-defendant, Morrison, in plain and concise language, with feloniously uniting with each other for the purpose of committing the particular felony therein mentioned? and, secondly. Were the facts stated in the indictment sufficient to show that, if by means of their false representations of alleged existing facts, the appellant and his co-defendant had obtained said Lewark’s money, they would have been guilty of the particular felony defined in said section 27, above quoted, of the felony act of June 10th, 1852? We are of the opinion that both of these questions must be answered in the affirmative ;• and, therefore, it follows that the indictment Avas sufficient, and the appellant’s motion to quash it was correctly overruled.
The appellant’s counsel say that “the pretences and representations stated in the indictment are not such as Avould deceive any one; they were patent, frivolous and absurd, and could in no event deceive.” This may be true, in fact; but, if so, it was purely a question of fact, which might very properly have been submitted to the determination of the jury. We can not say, as matter of law, however, that the pretences and representations were not such as would deceive any one; and the question can only be considered, as here presented, if
It is also claimed by the appellant’s counsel that the court erred in overruling his demurrer to the evidence. Counsel say: “ The court erred in refusing to take the case from the jury, upon the defendant’s demurrer to the evidence. This is a common practice in civil procedure, and there is no reason why it should not follow in the criminal practice.” We are of the opinion, however, that a demurrer to the evidence has no place in the administration of the criminal laws of this State. It is not recognized or provided for in our criminal code of procedure. It is not in harmony, but, in some particulars, it is in conflict, with the authorized and established practice and usages, in the trial of criminal causes, in the courts of this State. The trial court ought not, in this case, to have entertained the appellant’s demurrer to the evidence, and, indeed, it may be doubted if the court did entertain such demurrer; but, if it did, there was no error in its ruling thereon. In civil cases, the demurrer to the evidence must set out, at length and in full, the evidence in the demurrer. Griggs v. Seeley, 8 Ind. 264; Lindley v. Kelley, 42 Ind. 294; Strough v. Gear, 48 Ind. 100. In the case at bar, the appellant did not set out any evidence in what is called his demurrer to the evidence; so that, even if such demurrers were tolerated by, or admissible under, the criminal practice and law of this State, the appellant’s demurrer would be so defective that it would present no question for the decision of this court.
The evidence is not in the record, and no other question than those decided has been presented or discussed by the appellant’s counsel. We have found no error in the record.
The judgment is affirmed, at the appellant’s costs.