193 Ky. 659 | Ky. Ct. App. | 1922
Opinion of the Court by
Affirming.
In this action for slander the appellee, J. L. Noell, recovered of the appellant, G-. L. Miller, in the court below a verdict and judgment for $500.00 in damages, complaining of which, and of the refusal of that court to grant him a new trial, the latter has appealed.
The petition contains two paragraphs. In the first it was alleged that the appellant in a conversation with one B. B. Hume in the city of Covington, Kenton county,
The appellant made no attempt, either by plea or proof of their truth, to justify his speaking of the alleged slanderous words. . His answer merely traversed the averments of the petition as amended; therefore, the paramount issue of fact made by the pleadings and necessary to be determined by the jury, was as to whether the appellant on the two occasions, or either of them, mentioned in the petition, spoke the words therein attributed to him. As the worcls complained of, if spoken by him to another or others, were slanderous per se, malice on his part would, as a matter of law, be presumed from the mere
The appellant insists that the judgment of the trial court should be reversed because of error contained, as claimed, in what, in the grounds for a new trial and also in the brief of liis counsel, is called “two instructions” of the court, but which we find from the bill of evidence were only two admonitions from the court to the jury, given during the taking of evidence by which the latter were elaborately advised that certain parts of the testimony of each of two witnesses for the appellee should be considered by them only as bearing on the question whether the slanderous words, if spoken by the appellant, were spoken with intentional malice. In thus admonishing the jury the court evidently -had in mind the distinction between express malice and that which might be implied from a heedless speaking of false, yet slanderous words, the distinction being one important to be considered by the jury in aggravation or mitigation of the plaintiff’s damages. The admonitions in question were stenographically taken by the official reporter of the court, as delivered by the court, and both appear in the bill of evidence contained in the record. As confirmatory of our conclusion that it' is the admonitions referred to and not the instructions of the trial court, of which the appellant complains, we find in the brief of his counsel the following approval of the trial court’s instructions:
“It might be well, at this point, to say that we find no serious objection to the instructions that were submitted to the jury at the conclusion of all the testimony. In fairness to the court below, it should be said that they fairly stated the law of the case. ’ ’
The brief, however, quotes from the record and vigorously attacks the two admonitions from the court to the jury referred to designated instructions, and argues their alleged prejudicial effect upon the rights of the appellant. In view of the error of counsel in confusing the meaning of the word “admonition” with that of the word “instruction,” we deem it proper to say that according to the meaning given it by the courts in this jurisdiction, an “admonition” is any authoritative oral communication or statement by way of advice or caution, made by the court to the jury during the trial of a case,
“It was one of the objects in the adoption of the Code to abolish oral instructions, and require all instructions to be in writing. There is nothing in the provision quoted to show that the legislature intended to change the rule again, and go back to the old system.”
But discontinuing- further discussion of this question, which is 'mainly academic, and returning to the consideration of the appellant’s contention regarding the admonitions of -the trial court to the jury complained of, we are forced to say that we are prevented from reviewing them or -any ruling of the court respecting the evidence stated therein, as the record fails to show that the appellant objected to the .admonitions, or either of them, or that he saved an exception to same. - In order for the appellant on appeal, to rely upon any error contained in the admonitions -of the court below to the jury for a reversal of the' judgment of that court, it must be made to appear from the record that he at the time objected and entered an
Appellant’s further contention that the verdict of the jury is flagrantly against the evidence is wholly without merit. Without discussing it in detail, it is sufficient to say that its great weight is -strongly to the effect that the appellant, on each of the occasions alleged in the petition, maliciously spoke of and concerning the appellee the slanderous- words charged. This was established by at least three witnesses, whose credibility was not assailed, and was undenied by any witness except tbe appellant.
There is no ground whatever for the appellant’s final contention that the verdict is so excessive in amount as to indicate that it resulted from passion or prejudice on the part of the jury. On the contrary, considering the evidence, the amount of damages awarded was very reasonable and even less than might have been expected. No reason being-shown for disturbing tbe verdict, tbe judgment is affirmed.