Bеfore us is an appeal by an inmate at Lawrence Correctional Center, (an Illinois state prison) named Miller who has sued medical and administrative pеrsonnel at the prison under 42 U.S.C. § 1983, claiming that they were deliberately indifferent to his gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), which can cause severe heart,burn. Sеrious forms of the disease are commonly treated with a drug called rani-tidine, which is commonly sold under the trade name “Zantac.” (In the district court Miller also complained that prison personnel were deliberately indifferent to a skin infection that he has, but he doesn’t pursue the issue in his appeal.) The district court grantеd summary judgment in favor of the defendants.
When Miller arrived at the prison in November 2010 (a transferee from a different Illinois prison), he had been taking Zantac for his GERD, but his prescription had expired. At his intake screening on
It was two months after Miller’s arrival at the prison before he was allowed to see a doctor. During that period he complained repeatedly to the nursing staff about his GERD symptoms, but to no avail. On one occasion during this period, upon vomiting stomach acid he pressed the emergency button in his cell and a guard responded and told Miller “you are not bleeding, you are not dead, you are talking to me, so it can’t be an emergency.” Later that morning he wаs able to tell a nurse about his vomiting; her response was that she would check his chart. Nothing came of that. When at last he was seen by the doctor, the doctоr renewed his prescription for Zantac.
The district judge ruled that the delay in renewing Miller’s prescription was one month rather than two months. Without explanation thе judge calculated the delay from the first scheduled doctor’s appointment (on December 29, 2010) to the time that Miller finally saw a doctor, rather than beginning with Miller’s first requests for Zantac in late November. The judge’s reasoning was that Miller’s first appointment with a doctor (later cancelled because of the lockdown) wаs for a month after he arrived at the prison, and he could not expect to get his prescription renewed before he saw the doctor. That misses an еssential point. Zantac is both an over-the-counter drag (for Zantac pills containing only 75 to 150 milligrams of ranitidine) and a prescription drug (for 300-milligram pills). QmlityPrescriptionDmgs, “Zan-tac: Ovеr the Counter, or Prescription?” November - 18, 2011, www.quality prescriptiondrags. com/blog/2011/11/zantac-counter-prescription.html (visited July 25, 2015, as were the other web-sites cited in this оpinion); MedicineNet, “Ranitidine, Zantac,” www.medicinenet.com/ranitidine/ article.htm. Because of the severity of his condition, Miller takes the 800-milligram pill; hence the prescription. Some types of nurse, such as nurse practitioners, are authorized to write prescriptions, others not; it’s unclear whether any of the prison nurses had authоrity to give Miller 150-milligram Zantac pills, two of which equate to one 300-milligram pill. It’s true that a Dr. James Fenoglio stated that inmates are not permitted to obtain Zantac unless a doctor prescribes it. But he may not be completely reliable. He was a defendant in another recent suit by an inmate at Lawrence Correctional Center, and we held that the inmate plaintiff had stated a claim against Dr. Fenoglio for unreasonable delay in treatment. Perez v. Fenoglio,
GERD can, and so far as appears in the case of Miller does, produce persistent, agonizing pain and discomfort. It can also produce “serious complications. Esophag-itis can occur as a result of too much stomach acid in the esophagus. Esophagi-tis may cause esophageal bleeding or ulcers. In additiоn, a narrowing or stricture of the esophagus may occur from chronic scarring. Some people develop a condition known as Barrett’s esophagus. This condition can increase the risk of esophageal cancer.” WebMD, Heartburn/GERD Health Center, “What Are the Complications of Long-Term GERD?” www.webmd. eom/heartburn-gerd/guide/reflux-disease-gerd-l?page=4. The judge said in his opinion that one month “is a short amount of time [elsewhere he calls it a ‘short delay’] to be treated for heartburn/GERD,” but he gave no rеason for that medical speculation.
The plaintiff claims that the pain he experienced from his GERD was “so intense that he was not able to sleep at night. [He] felt like his insides were being pushed out, and this pain was constant.” He may be exaggerating, but that is a matter for resolution at a trial. Leaving a serious case оf GERD untreated for two months is a dereliction of medical duty, cf. Jett v. Penner,
We recently had occasion to note that “where an inmate alleges an objectively serious medical condition, it may be better to appoint counsel — so that he or she can investigate and flesh out any claim that may exist — than to dismiss a potentially meritorious claim and leave the prisoner in harm’s way.” Perez v. Fenoglio, supra, at 784. We placed particular emphasis on the case that has progressed from the pleading stage “to discovery or trial. Taking depositions, conducting witness examinations, applying the rules of evidence, and making opening statements are beyond the ability of most pro se litigants to successfully carry out. These tasks are even more challenging in cases ... where complex medical evidence (including expert testimony) is needed to assess the adеquacy of the treatment received. District courts abuse their discretion where they fail to consider the complexities of advanced-stage litigation аctivities and whether a litigant is capable of handling them.” Id. at 785 (citations omitted). These are points for the district court to bear in mind on remand.
Summary judgment for the defendants was inappropriate. The judgment must therefore be reversed and the case remanded for further proceedings consistent with this opinion. A number of the named defendants are not mentioned in Miller’s brief, however, and the district judge will have to decide on remand whether the claims against them have been abandoned and if not whether those defendants should be retained in, or dismissed from, the case.
ReveRsed And Remanded.