On the twenty-third day of June, 1931, the plaintiff, a minor thirteen years of age, was riding on a miniature train which was being operated by the defendant in the “Fleishhacker Playground”, one of the public parks of San Francisco. He fell off one of the cars and wаs injured. For the injuries so suffered he brought this action and it was tried by the court sitting with a jury. When the plaintiff rested the defendant made a motion for a nonsuit, its motion was denied and it proceeded to introduce its evidence. After all of the evidence had been introduced the defendant made a motion for a directed verdict and that motion was denied. Later counsel made their arguments, the court instructed the jury, and the cause was submitted. The jury returned a verdict in favor of the plaintiff. Before the verdict was entered counsel for defendant made a motion for judgment nоtwithstanding the verdict and at the same time- asked that the defendant be allowed tо move for a new trial if its *363 motion for judgment be denied. That motion was denied and, from the order denying it, the defendant has appealed.
The plaintiff did not introduce еvidence showing the train or any part thereof was “dangerous or defective”. The cars did not, at the time of the accident, have side gates. The evidenсe showed, however, that the 'entire train was at that time standard construction. It had been operated eight years without an accident. Subsequent to the accident wire panels were inserted on the right-hand side between the seats so thаt the passengers were compelled to board the train from the left-hand sidе instead of boarding from both sides. If, in the operation of the miniature railway, the defendant was acting in a governmental capacity, in the absence of a statute to the contrary the defendant was not liable. (Kellar v.
City of Los Angeles,
“Under the provision of that portion of section 2 of the act, which we havе quoted, the following conditions must exist to support the judgment of the court below: (1) Thе injuries to respondent through the destruction of his personal property must havе resulted from a dangerous or defective condition of the dumping ground; (2) the city council of the City of Riverside, or some officer or person having authority to rеmedy such condition, must have had notice or knowledge thereof; (3) it, or he, must have failed or neglected to remedy such dangerous or defective condition within a reasonable time after acquiring such knowledge or receiving such notice; or (4) must have failed to take such action as might be reasonably necessary to protect the public against such dangerous or defective cоndition within a reasonable time after such knowledge or notice.” No one оf those elements was proved in the instant case. However, the plaintiff clаims the defendant maintained and operated a defective
*364
device. As еvidence thereof he points to the fact that, after the accident thе defendant made certain alterations. It caused the wire panels to be installed. Such fact was not evidence of an admission of negligence. (45 C. J., p. 1232;
Webster
v.
Orr,
The dеfendant’s motion for judgment notwithstanding the verdict should have been granted. The order аppealed from is reversed and judgment is ordered in favor of the defendant.
Nourse, P. J., and Spence, J., concurred.
A petition for a rehearing of this cause was denied by the District Court of Appeal on November 6, 1935, and an application by respondent to have the cаuse heard in the Supreme Court, after judgment in the District Court of Appeal, was denied by the Supreme Court on December 5, 1935.