123 P. 21 | Mont. | 1912
delivered the opinion of the court.
This action was brought for the purpose of having it adjudged that the Manhattan Malting Company, a corporation organized under the laws of Montana (hereafter referred to as “the corporation”), is legally dead, by reason of the expiration of the time limit fixed by its charter, and to have a receiver appointed to wind up its affairs.
The following narrative of facts, gathered from the complaint, is sufficient to present the questions involved: The corporation was organized on December 26, 1890, the recorded certificate designating the plaintiff, defendants Henry Altenbrand, John G. Gillig, and two others as trustees for the first three months. Its capital stock consists of 10,000 shares of a par value of $100 each. The object of the incorporation named in the certificate is the manufacture and sale of malt at Moreland (now Manhattan), in Gallatin county. At different times there had been issued, and on December 26, 1910, there were outstanding, 5,821 shares of stock. At the time of the organization plaintiff purchased at par 200 shares and is now the owner of them. The defendants are the owners of 4,620 shares, more than two-thirds of all shares now outstanding, and on December 26, 1910, were the acting trustees. On that date a meeting of the stockholders was held pursuant to notice as provided by law for the purpose of determining the question whether the existence of the corporation should be extended twenty years from that date. The result was the adoption of a resolution in favor of the extension,
In order to understand the contentions made by counsel, a brief reference to some of the provisions of our corporation law and their history is necessary. Under the law as it existed in 1890, the life of a corporation was limited to twenty years. (Comp. Stats. 1887, Fifth Div., sec. 446.) There was then no provision authorizing an extension of this limit. By an Act
1. We notice, first, the contention that the foregoing provisions
2. Four steps are requisite to enable a corporation to avail itself of the privilege granted by the statute. These are: (1) A meeting of the stockholders, called as provided in section 3827, and a favorable vote by the requisite majority; (2) the preparation and execution of the required certificate evidencing the proceedings had; (3) the filing of the certificate with the clerk and recorder of the proper county; and (4) the filing of a certified copy thereof with the secretary of state. Counsel for plaintiff contend that all of these steps must be taken during the life of the corporation, or else the effort to extend its life is not effective for any purpose. They rely upon the rule, which is not the
The general rule is that a corporation comes into existence
While it is not declared, in terms, in any of the provisions supra, that all the steps looking to the extension must be taken during the life of the corporation, all the analogies point to the conclusion that this must be the case. Plence we conclude that the life of the corporation ended at midnight on December 26, 1910, and that what was thereafter done did not effectuate the purpose of the meeting of the stockholders.
It is argued by counsel for defendants that the statute does not require the corporation, or its directors, to file and record the certificate, but that, since this must be done by the clerk or secretary of state, when.it is done, it relates back to the date of the passage of the resolution of the stockholders, thus saving the life of the corporation. They insist that this view is supported by the case of St. Phillips Church v. Zion Presbyterian Church, 23 S. C. 297, and State ex rel. Cascade Bank v. Yoder, 39 Mont. 203, 103 Pac. 499. Neither of them is in point. Under a statute of South Carolina, the clerk of one of the courts was clothed with the power to grant charters to corporations. Though proper application had been made to him to renew the charter of the Zion Presbyterian Church, which had theretofore been incorporated under the same statute, through neglect on
At the hearing, it was stated by counsel that they had not been able to find any authority directly in point upon the question involved. We have not been able to find any, though we have sought diligently. Nevertheless, we do not think that the soundness of the conclusion we have reached can be successfully questioned. It is sometimes the case that a corporation continues its business after the time fixed by its charter has expired. It has been held, and properly so, we think, that for some purposes such a corporation should be held to have a de facto existence. When it is sought to hold it liable for a tort committed by those who have acted as its agents, or upon a contract entered into in its corporate name, the persons acting as its officers ought not to be heard to say that it is not what it purported to be at the time the liability was incurred. The case of Miller v. Coal Co., 31 W. Va. 836, 13 Am. St. Rep. 903, 8 S. E. 600, and the citations therein, are sufficiently illustrative. The principle underlying them, however, has no application to the facts of this case.
The disposition of the two questions so far considered renders it unnecessary to inquire whether the sections of the statute, supra, are in any respect repugnant to the provisions of the state or federal Constitution.
The judgment is reversed and the cause is remanded, with directions to the district court to overrule the demurrer.
Reversed and remanded.