McMann v. Walker, 31 Colo. 261

31 Colo. 261 | Colo. | 1903

Mr. Justice Gabbert

delivered the opinion of the court.

The only question necessary to determine, - is, whether or not a negotiable promissory note, in the hands of parties obtaining it for value, in good faith, before maturity, from a foreign corporation in this state to which it was given in this state, is invalid as against the maker, because such corporation at the time of the execution and delivery of such note, or subsequently, had not complied with the laws relative to the conditions which would authorize it to engage in business within the state. The question is one which has been discussed by the courts of several states, with the result that the decisions on the subject are not altogether harmonious. Whether or not the note in question be invalid as between the maker and payee is a question upon which we express no opinion, because that proposition is not involved, and does not in any manner affect the rights of the parties to this action. The statute which the maker invokes does not provide that a note given a foreign corporation in the circumstances narrated shall he invalid in the hands of third parties, and it should not be given a construction, unless unavoidable, which would result in visiting upon innocent third parties a penalty for its violation by another. In this state the general rule of law prevails, that negotiable commercial paper, although invalid as between the immediate parties, is valid as to third persons obtaining it for value before maturity, and without notice of its infirmities, unless so declared by statute.—Boughner v. Meyer, 5 Colo. 71. See also Sondheim v. Gilbert, 117 Ind. 71, 10 Am. St. Rep. 23, where the subject is quite fully discussed and many authorities cited.

The defendant, by giving a note which is not the subject of statutory enactment, thereby conclusively admitted as to third parties purchasing before maturity and in good faith the legal existence of the payee and its authority to take such note, and to negotiate and transfer it by indorsement. — Sec. 60, Negotiable Instruments Act, Session Laws 1897, 210; 4 Enc. Law, 2 ed. 474-475; Wolke v. Kuhne, 109 Ind. 313; 1 Edwards’ Bills and Notes, 3 ed. § 363; Bigelow on Estoppel, 4 ed. 512.

The plaintiffs were in no manner connected with the original transaction, and they violated no law in purchasing the note from the payee. They purchased it in good faith before maturity, it was negotiable in form; and the maker cannot be heard to say as against them, in these circumstances, in the absence of a statute to the contrary, that the payee committed an illegal act in taking, or had no authority to dispose of it, in the usual course of business, because by its execution and delivery he is precluded 'from raising any of these questions as against the purchasers who obtained it for value before maturity without notice of the fact upon which he relies to defeat it. The courts cannot undertake to render the statute relied upon by defendant effective by imposing penalties which it has not provided, or placing them where they do not belong. If defective because no sufficient provision is made for its enforcement, that is a matter for the legislature to remedy. According to. the undisputed facts, the. plaintiffs were entitled to a recovery on the note. The judgment of the county court is therefore reversed and the cause remanded, with directions to render judgment in favor of the plaintiffs.

Judgment reversed.