McLeod v. State, 62 So. 991

McLeod v. State

62 So. 991 | Ala. Ct. App. | 1913

PELHAM, J.

— The defendants were indicted for violating the law against seining, as provided by section 6901 of the Code. The indictment by its terms not only charged an offense under this section, but included the unnecessary averment of a proviso or exception embodied in a separate statute or section of the Code from that creating and descriptive of the offense charged.

The rule is that, when the proviso or exception is set out in a separate clause or section from that creating and defining the offense, it is not necessary to negative the exception by averment. — Clark v. State, 19 Ala. 552; Carson v. State, 69 Ala. 235; Grattan v. State, 71 Ala. 344; Britton v. State, 77 Ala. 202; Bell v. Wallace, 81 Ala. 422, 1 South. 24; Bellinger v. State, 92 Ala. 86, 9 South. 399; Bell v. State, 104 Ala. 79, 15 South. 557; Sims v. State, 135 Ala. 61, 33 South. 162; Hyde v. State, 155 Ala. 133, 46 South. 489.

The negative matter of surplusage averred was as follows: “And such seine not being a small seine, not more than 12 feet in length and 4 feet in width, known *332as minnow seine, for catching minnows to be used for bait only.” The defendants moved to quash the indictment on the ground that there was no evidence before the grand jury that returned the indictment showing the size of the seine alleged to have been used. Proof of this fact was introduced in support of the motion. The court overruled the motion, and it is. this action of the court that is presented, for review.

No-fault is to be found with the proposition, asserted by appellants and fortified by ample authority, that, Avhere unnecessary averments are made in an indictment, or matters stated with undue particularity, they must be proved on the trial as laid; but that is not the question here. The motion to quash was based on the ground that there was no competent evidence before the grand jury to support the indictment found by it, and the proof in support of the motion showed no more than that there was no evidence before that body of the size of the seine — an allegation unnecessary to the validity of the indictment. ' If the grand jury had competent evidence before it to support a valid finding of the offense charged in the indictment, then it was found on legal evidence, and the motion to quash because found on insufficient evidence cannot prevail, although it may appear that there was no proof before the grand jury of the matters of surplusage alleged.

It was held in Sparrenberger’s Case, 53 Ala. 481, 25 Am. Rep. 643, and approvingly quoted in Washington’s Case, 63 Ala. 192, and later in Agee’s Case, 117 Ala. 169, 23 South. 486, that, “when it appears witnesses were examined by the grand jury, or the jury had before them legal documentary evidence,-.no inquiry into the sufficiency of the evidence is indulged.” In Washington’s Case supra, the defendant moved to quash the indictment on the ground that there was no legal evidence be*333fore tbe grand jury implicating tbe defendant in tbe commission of tbe offense (burglary) with wbicb be was charged, and offered to prove in support of tbe motion that tbe prosecutrix, who was tbe only person examined before tbe grand jury, testified to nothing tending to connect tbe defendant with tbe commission of tbe offense. Tbe trial court refused to receive'this testimony and overruled tbe motion, and the Supreme Court, in reviewing this action of tbe trial court, said through Stone, J., in rendering tbe opinion of tbe court: “In refusing to entertain tbe motion to strike tbe indictment from tbe file and quash it, the city court ruled in precise accordance with what- was said by this court in Sparrenberger’s Case, 53 Ala. 481 [25 Am. Rep. 643], We there said: “When it appears witnesses were examined by tbe grand jury, or tbe jury bad before them legal documentary evidence, no inquiry into tbe sufficiency of the evidence is indulged.’ In this case, a competent witness was sworn and examined before tbe grand jury. Tbe precise point urged in argument is that the. grand jury found the bill on insufficient testimony in this: That, while there was proof that a burglary bad been committed as charged, no legal evidence was given before that body showing that tbe accused was tbe guilty offender. To allow such inquiry and testimony, would be not only to disregard what was said in Bparrenber-ger’s Case, copied above, but would greatly retard and embarrass the administration of tbe law. Tbe city court rightfully refused to enter -upon tbe inquiry of the sufficiency of the evidence before tbe grand jury.” It was said in Gaines’ Case, 146 Ala. 16, 24, 41 South. 865, 867: “If tbe grand jury had any legal evidence* before it to authorize a bill, all inquiry as to the nature, character, and sufficiency of any other evidence introduced before it is cut off, when sought for the purpose of at*334tacking tbe validity and integrity of tbe indictment.” Tbe record in tbe case before us shows that a -witness (one H. B. Florence) did go before tbe grand jury and testify to tbe defendants’ seining, and it is stated in tbe bill of exceptions that: “Defendants made no insistence under this motion that the evidence before tbe grand jury was insufficient to support tbe indictment otherwise than in tbe failure to offer testimony before tbe grand jury as to tbe size and length of tbe seine; * * * nor did tbe. defendants insist that- the evidence before the grand jury was not sufficient to support tbe indictment in all respects, except as to tbe length and size of tbe seine used in fishing.” This being true, tbe attack was upon tbe sufficiency of tbe evidence before tbe grand jury — an inquiry not to be indulged, under tbe holdings in tbe'cases above cited.

Tbe court properly refused to quash tbe indictment on tbe defendant’s motion, and as no other question is presented tbe judgment appealed from will be affirmed.

Affirmed.