221 Mich. 479 | Mich. | 1922
On July 7, 1900, the defendant company issued to Walter S. Fillius a policy of life insurance in the sum of $1,000, in which the plaintiff, his mother, was named as beneficiary. The insured was unmarried. His occupation was that of a sailor on the Great Lakes. His mother received a letter from him, dated July 5, 1904, written at Sault Ste. Marie and directed to her at her home in St. Ignace. After a time the plaintiff and her husband, who was a marine engineer, tried to locate him, but were unable to do so. It appeared that he had made two trips on the steamer Douglas Houghton after July 5th, but left that steamer about September 1st at Ashtabula, Ohio, and no trace of him was thereafter found. It appears from the correspondence that, pursuant to proceedings taken by the plaintiff, the probate court of Mackinac county on March 8, 1915, declared the insured to be legally dead. In July, 1920, the attention of the home office of defendant was called to the disappearance of the insured. Proofs indicated by the facts above stated were furnished. The company finally declined to pay the full amount of the policy, but, as a compromise, wrote that it was—
“willing to pay such an amount as would have been payable at the end of the endowment term if the assured were living; namely, $36.00,”
and $50 in addition thereto.
This action to recover was commenced on March 7, 1921. Trial was had before the court without a
Presumption of Death. Section 329, 1 Comp. Laws 1915, provides:
“If any person shall' disappear and his whereabouts remain unknown for the space of seven years, and no knowledge of such person can be procured for such space of seven years, he shall be presumed to be dead.” * * *
We have not assumed to set out in full the proof offered by plaintiff tending to show that the insured had disappeared and that his whereabouts' remained unknown. In our opinion it fully justified the finding that he was presumed to be dead. 17 C. J. p. 1166; John Hancock Mut. Life Ins. Co. v. Moore, 34 Mich. 41; Bailey v. Bailey, 36 Mich. 181; Samberg v. Knights of Maccabees, 158 Mich. 568 (133 Am. St. Rep. 396); Woolfitt v. Histed, 208 Mich. 308; Ferrand v. Reserve Ass’n, 217 Mich. 441; 5 Joyce on Insurance (2d Ed.), § 3772.
Statute of Limitations. The plea gave notice of the defense of the statute of limitations. Under section 12323, 3 Comp. Laws 1915, an action on this policy must have been commenced—
“within six years next after the causes of action shall accrue, and not afterward, except as hereinafter provided.”
Section 12327 provides:
“If at the time when any cause of action shall accrue against any person, he shall be out of the State, the action may be commenced within the time herein limited therefor, after such person shall come into this State.” * * *
“A cause of action accrues for the purpose of setting the statute in motion as soon as the creditor by his own act, and in spite of the debtor, can make the demand payable.” Palmer v. Palmer, 36 Mich. 487, 494 (24 Am. Rep. 605).
“It may well be held that the cause of action accrues to a plaintiff at the earliest time when he may, of his own volition, institute proceedings.” In re King’s Estate, 94 Mich. 411, 428.
The statute would therefore have commenced to run in 1911 and would be a bar, unless the cause of action is saved by the provision in section 12327.
Defendant claims that the declaration, which avers the disappearance of the insured in 1904, and the fact that under the statute he was presumed to be legally dead seven years thereafter, show prima facie that her cause of action is barred by the statute, and calls attention to the rule:
“Where it appears that the cause of action is prima fade barred, the burden of proof is upon the party seeking to enforce the cause of action to show facts taking his case out of the operation of the statute.” 8 Encyclopedia of Evidence, p. 320.
This rule is supported by our own cases. Ayres v. Hubbard, 71 Mich. 594, and Belden v. Blackman,
“To entitle a corporation to the benefit of the statute of limitations of a State other than that of its creation, it must affirmatively appear that it maintained an agent in such State upon whom service of process could have been made during the time necessary for the action to become barred. No presumption will be indulged that the corporation has been at all times amenable to process so as to enable it to take advantage of the domestic statute of limitations.”
It is supported by our own cases. Conrad v. Nall,
Proofs of Loss. It is insisted that the neglect to submit proofs of death within a reasonable time after the insured was presumed to be dead bars recovery. The policy provides for payment in the event of the death of the insured, “on surrender of this policy * * * within sixty days after satisfactory proof of the death of the said insured.” It contains no stipulation as to the time after death when such proof must be furnished.
Section 4 of Circuit Court Rule No. 23 provides:
“In a suit upon a policy of insurance, if the defendant shall rely, in whole or in part, upon any breach of any of the conditions, agreements, representations or warranties of the policy or application therefor, or upon the failure to perform or make good any promise, representation or warranty, or upon the failure to furnish any proof of loss, as required by the policy, there shall be added to the plea a notice plainly indicating the nature of the defense relied upon.”
No notice of this defense was given. After the proofs were closed and after defendant’s counsel had moved for a directed verdict in favor of their client, they asked the court for permission to amend the plea to give notice of this defense. The motion was denied, the court holding that—
“it does not appear to the court that the defendant has lost anything — lost any means of defense — or has súffered any other actual disability because of the delay ; and I do not think that the amendment would be in furtherance of justice.”
While error is assigned upon the denial of the motion
Objections to Testimony. Objection was made to the introduction of certain letters claimed by plaintiff to establish a waiver. As the trial court did not base any .conclusion of law,' nor do we, on the waiver of any rights by the defendant, the admission of the letters, even if erroneous, constitutes no ground for reversal.
We have considered all the assignments discussed by counsel. No reversible error appearing, the judgment entered is affirmed.