73 P. 143 | Cal. | 1903
Plaintiff brings the action for divorce on the ground of extreme cruelty, and had the judgment, from which and from the order denying his motion for a new trial defendant appeals. There is no brief on file for respondent.
1. At the close of plaintiff's evidence, defendant moved for a nonsuit, which being denied, he now urges the ruling as error.
It appeared from plaintiff's testimony that prior to her marriage with defendant, she had been lawfully married to one Hiram P. Lake, and that at the time of her marriage to defendant Lake was still living. It is urged that plaintiff was bound to show a dissolution of the Lake marriage in order to comply with the rule that the burden of proof was *450 on her to establish the marriage with defendant, failing in which the marriage with defendant must be held, prima facie, void.
In ruling on the motion, the learned trial judge said: "She testifies to a solemnization of the second marriage. Isn't she entitled to rely upon the presumption that the minister performed a licensed act and that the county clerk performed his duty?"
"Mr. Maguire (counsel for defendant). — Not as against proof that she was previously married to another man then living.
"The Court. — I am inclined to take the view that proof of solemnization, aided by the presumption that the solemnization was regular, would overcome the presumption of bigamy, that would result if she had two husbands."
We quite agree with this view of the question. Appellant relies on several cases cited in his brief, and especially on Cartwrightv. McGown,
2. Appellant attacks the findings as not supported by the evidence. The court found that defendant "has been guilty of extreme cruelty upon and toward said plaintiff; that he has inflicted upon said plaintiff grievous bodily injury and grievous mental suffering; . . . and has so treated her as to render further cohabitation dangerous . . . to her physical safety and to create a reasonable apprehension of bodily harm, and all of this without reasonable or any cause or justification therefor. The court further finds:" (Then follow several specific findings of specific acts of cruelty.) And it is against some of these the attack is made. I do not understand the rule to be, that each of the specific facts found must be supported by evidence. If there are findings which support the judgment, and these findings are fully supported by evidence, it is sufficient. The evidence is amply sufficient to justify some of these specific acts of cruelty found to have been committed by defendant toward plaintiff. Opprobrious epithets applied to his wife by defendant, vile names heaped upon her by him, as well as distinct acts of physical injuries inflicted upon her, were shown by the evidence and justified the findings and judgment. Defendant is mistaken in his claim that the only parts of the findings that have any evidence to support them rest upon the uncorroborated evidence of plaintiff. She is corroborated in essential particulars by at least one witness who resided for some months in the house with the parties.
3. As part of defendant's case, he introduced certain documents purporting to be the judgment-roll in the case entitled Hiram P. Lake v. Mary Lake, brought in Santa Cruz County in the year 1881, about four years before the marriage of the present parties. Plaintiff objected to an affidavit made by Hiram P. Lake, plaintiff in the action above referred to, for the purpose of obtaining service on defendant, Mary Lake, by publication of summons. It is not necessary to pass upon the correctness of the ruling of the court in excluding the affidavit. It appeared by the judgment-roll that summons was published in May and June, 1881, but that an alias summons was issued in July following, and bears the indorsement, signed by Mary Lake, admitting service of summons, with a copy of the complaint attached, on July 9, 1881, and the judgment, dated July 23, 1881, *452 recites "that said defendant [Mary Lake] was duly served with process herein." If it be conceded that the court erred in refusing to admit Lake's affidavit in evidence, and that the affidavit was insufficient to warrant an order for publication of summons, the ruling was harmless; for it appeared that the defendant in that action was afterwards personally served with summons, and we must presume that the court had the evidence of such service before it when the judgment was entered.
The judgment and order should be affirmed.
Gray, C., and Smith, C., concurred.
For the reasons given in the foregoing opinion the judgment and order appealed from are affirmed.
Angellotti, J., Shaw, J., Van Dyke, J.